Mwarikadzi weSlavickadzi Marena kana Mara - kuenzaniswa kweZima neKufu, makadzikadzi weusiku, aitya uye akakumbira tsitsi. Asi havasi vakafa vose vakatorwa pamwe nemudzimai uyu wehupenyu, asi avo chete avo vaikodzera nekusingaperi munyika yeSlavi. Madzitateguru edu akarumbidza Marena kaviri pagore, achibatanidza mazita emwari mukuru wechihedheni Kupala uye Dazhdbog, uye pane zvikonzero.
Marena - Mythology
Nyaya yaMarna yakasimuka kubva munhoroondo dzekare dzeAryan, kubva pane dzaienda kune dzimwe nhoroondo dzemadzinza eGermany, eScandinavia neCelt. Anonzi mukunda wevanamwari vakuru vechihedheni Svarog naLada, hanzvadzi yaZhiva naLely. Maererano nekutenda kwemazuva mazhinji, amai veMarena vane mazita akawanda:
- tenzikadzi weZuva;
- tenzikadzi weusiku;
- muchengeti weupenyu husingaperi;
- chimiro chekupedzisira;
- Lady of Death.
Zita rake rakafanana neshoko rokuti "mor", iro rakabatanidzwa nerufu, asi kune chirevo chokuti mwarikadzi uyu haana kuparadzanisa hupenyu hwevanhu, asi akamuudza munyika yekusingaperi, akaratidza mweya wake nzira yekuenda: muchiedza chaNavi kana Slavi, kuti akafanirwa. Madzitateguru edu akatenda: mweya wakaipa uye usina kuchena weMarna - mwarikadzi wevaSlav akaparadzanisa nenyika yakachena uye anotumira kuvanhu vakadaro boka rezvakaipa uye nhamo, saka vakamirira mukadzi uyu nenzira dzakasiyana:
- vakadzi vane chimiro chakakwirira, mune micheka yerima;
- muchembere akareba-bvudzi refu;
- musikana akanaka muzvigaro zvitsvuku.
Zuva reMwarikadzi Marena
Madzitateguru akatenda kuti Marena aiva nezvinhu zviviri:
- ice palace kumaodzanyemba kwenyika;
- iri mhiri kweRwizi Smarodina, iyo inoparadzanisa nyika ya Yavi naNavi.
Nokudaro, Mary akave nemazororo maviri mugore:
- Ikozhi yekutanga ye Marena yakambopembererwa mukati megore, March 1, uye yainzi Naviy Den kana Vjunitsy. Navi akadana mweya yevakafa, chinangwa chemutambo uyu ndeyekupemberera kwekumutswa kwevakafa, kunamatwa kwemweya yemadzitateguru uye Lady wekuyanana kwavo kwaMaria. Vahedheni vakaviga vakafa vavo mumumvuri wemakuva, vakaita tsika - zvikafu nezvipiriso zvinonwiwa, zvokuti madzitateguru avo aigara mune imwe nyika.
- Zororo repiri rakawira pakuwa-musi wa25 Nechipfumbamwe, apo vose vakaurayiwa vakaunzwa chete kuna Marena, uyo akapinda mukodzero dzake Lady weZuva. Kuti vazvidzivirire pachavo, vanhu zuva ranhasi vakaenda kumhenderekedzo uye vanodzima nzizi dzinopisa mumakungwa. Izvi, sezvazvakanga zvakaita, akaratidza dhimonikadzikadzi simba rake simba nokubatsirwa nemoto.
Chiratidzo cheMarna muSlav
Chiratidzo chinonyanya kuzivikanwa cheMarna ndicho chido chinodzvara, chakange chakakombwa nemitambo chaiyo panguva yemhemberero yemusi wemwarikadzi, apo mwarikadzi Winter akaonekwa achienda kunzvimbo yekuchamhembe. Kupoteredza dhimbwa iyi yemitambo yaiitwa, uye ipapo vaitamba mhemberero yekupisa, kuparadza pamwe nekutonhora uye mazaya nokuda kwenyika yavo. Masora akazopararira mumunda, kuitira kuti pave nehomwe yakawanda uye gore rakanaka.
Vatsvakurudzi vanodana 2 mamwe mazita akanyorwa mazita eMnana:
- Rwizi rwemvura yakaoma ndiyo "mvura yaMaria", iyo inoshandisa simba rakanyorova kwechinguva muzororo.
- Chiratidzo cheZima - zvitatu zvitatu, zvinonzi "Mara-Viy", madzitateguru edu akaona kuti yakaipa uye inotyisa.
Velez naMarena
Mazita evanamwari vechihedheni Veles naMariya vaisanganiswa chete nezvinhu zvavo. Veles yaionekwa somutongi wenyika yevakafa. Nokufamba kwenguva, vaSlav vakatanga kumurangarira semurimi wekurima, sezvo madzitateguru akavigwa pasi pano aivewo vatakuri vemichero yakanaka kumadzitateguru edu. Akange anonamatwawo nevaSlav semwarikadzi wenyika yevakafa, asi akabvuma chete vanhu vakashinga, uye akapa mubayiro ma heroes akafira mhuri nekusingaperi kusingaperi ndokuenda nawo kuIrius.
Marena uye Dazhdbog
Dazhdbog Varanda vairemekedzwa semwari wehuchenjeri hwakakura uye kubudirira, uye Marena, mwarikadzi weZima neRufu, akatumidzwa mune nhoroondo nemudzimai wake. Mune dzimwe nharo anonzi mudzimai wemwari wekufa kwakaipa Kashchei. Preserved 2 versions:
- Mara akaroora Dazhbog, asi mushure memuchato akabatwa neKashchei.
- Muchato wacho wakaitika, asi mudzimai wechidiki akatiza pakarepo mushure mhesi yacho, nokuti aida Kashchei. Uye akarasika kuna Dazhbog, achitya kutsamwa kwaPerun.
Pamberi pokutanga kwechando, vahedheni vakapemberera muchato waDhazhdbog naMaria nemitambo chaiyo. Kubva pamajasi vakaita zviputi, vakaroorana vechidiki vakagumburwa navo mumoto. Ipapo zviputi zvaiendeswa kumusha zvine ruremekedzo, uye zvakachengetwa, sezvipfeko kubva kurwere nekufa. Pedyo nomoto, matafura akaiswa, ayo mauto akarwisana aifanira kuita runyararo, sezvo Marena naDhazhdbog vaifungidzirwa kuti ndivo vanochengeta kunaka kwehama.
Marena uye Kupalo
Ivan Kupala Varanda vanoremekedzwa semwari wemichero yepasi, iyi ndiyo chete yehedheni yezororo yakasara mumazuva edu. Vechidiki vanogutsikana nemhemberero, vasikana vanovhara mashizha kuti vade pamvura uye vagoziva zvavanoda. Mukukudzwa kweKupala, matavi emiti akavezwa nemaruva, uye tsvina yakaoma yaMaria yakaiswa pedyo navo. Usiku, hunopiswa, zvekuti hutonho uye zvirwere zvose zvaenda nemoto, nokuti mwarikadzi weSlavickadzi Marena aifungidzirwa somunhu wehutano nerufu.
Vakashamwaridzana vakaroorana vanokwira pamusoro pomoto kuti vazvinatse pachavo mumoto. Kupisa kwaMarna kwaiva tsika yakakosha, iyo yaifambidzana nemarangano chaiwo eupenyu hunofadza hwomunguva yemberi. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, tsika yekunyura Maria, sekufananidzira kwekufa nehosha, yakachengetedzwa, nokuti mvura yairehwawo sehupenyu hunopa simba hunoshambidza zvitadzo zvizhinji.