Mufaro wemazuva okutanga ekuonekwa mumhuri yecheche inopera, apo vabereki vanonzwa kuonekwa kwakadaro sekushaya chirwere chemwoyo. Maererano nehuwandu, anenge 1% yevana vanoberekwa vane chirwere ichi chakakomba. Congenital chirwere chepfungwa chirema chinowanikwa mukugadzikana kwemwoyo kana midzi midzi yeropa, iyo iripo kubva pakuberekwa.
Zvinokonzera chirwere chemoyo mumangwana
Kuonekwa kwechiremera ichi kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekusaona kwekuita intrauterine. Chirwere chepfungwa chinowanikwa mumatatu ekutanga (kubva pamasvondo maviri kusvikira kune masere ekuberekwa), apo kuiswa kwezvinhu zvose zviri mukati uye maitiro e embryo. Zvinhu zvakashata zvinokonzera kugadzirwa kwepfungwa yemwoyo zvinosanganisira:
intrauterine (infenza, rubella, herpes, cytomegalovirus);- kunwa doro mumutambo wekutanga wekuita pamuviri;
- kushandiswa kwemishonga neamai vane ramangwana vane matatogenic effect;
- genetic predisposition;
- zvirwere zvekupedzisira zveamai;
- zera revabereki vaviri.
Zviratidzo zvekushaya kwemoyo mumangwana
Zviratidzo zvakajeka zvechiremera ichi, kutanga kune zvose, cyanosis yeganda uye mucous membrane - izvo zvinonzi cyanosis. Kazhinji kacho kazhinji kacho "maziso" bhuruu uye nasolabial triangle. Zviratidzo zvechirwere chepfungwa muzvitsva zvinogara zvachose kana kuponesa kwepfungwa kwemoyo kusakanganiswa semuipi wakaipa wekurema, utera, dyspnea, kuzvimba. Mwana wemukomana ane chirema ichi anoyamwa zvisina kunaka uye anokurumidza kuneta pakudya. Mune ramangwana, mwana achachera shure mukugadzirwa kwepanyama uye kwepfungwa uye chikamu chevarwere. Uyezve, nechirwere ichi, chiremba wevana anokwanisa kunzwa kunetseka kwemwoyo uye kucherechedza kukurumidza kwemoyo yemwana. Kana paine kusafungirwa kwepachirwere chepfungwa mumoyo mutsva, kubvunzana nemunhu anonzi cardiologist inodiwa, iyo inotungamirira kune zvidzidzo zvakadaro se electrocardiogram, ultrasound of the heart.
Kurapa kwechirwere chepfungwa muzvitsva
Kurapa kwechirwere ichi chakakomba kunowanzoenderana nekuoma uye rudzi. Iko kune izvo zvinonzi "vhu" uye "bluu" maitiro. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti marudzi maviri eropa anoyerera kuburikidza nemwoyo - arterial uye venous, asi anoparadzaniswa nemagetsi asingabvumi ropa kuti ribatanidze. Ne "mavara" akachena, ropa reAortic rinopinda muropa rinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwechiremera che septati, interumricular septum, kana chirwere chinotenderera chinotenderera. Ne "bleu" bleach venous ropa inopinda mu aortic. Zvikanganiso zvechimiro ichi zvinosanganisira Tetrada Fallot, pasi-development of the septum, kugoverwa kwemidziyo huru. Izvowo kune maronda e ventricular ejection - a stenosis ye pulmonary trunk, aortic stenosis uye aortic aorta. Nechirwere chemoyo mumazvisikwa, kuvhiyiwa ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekurapa. Uyezve, mamwe maitiro asina nzira yekuvhiya anotungamirira mugumisiro unouraya. Nokudaro, vabereki vanorayirwa kuti varatidze mwana kwete chete kumudzidzisi wezvinyorwa, asiwo kune chiremba wechiremba wepfungwa. Nzira dzokurapa sezvinoitwa kurapwa kukuru hazviwanzoitiki. Nekubatsirwa kwavo panzvimbo pekudzivirira zviratidzo zvinoratidza-kurwiswa kweDyspnea, arrhythmia. Nekukanganisa kwemwoyo, zvakakwana kuchengeta, nokuti mwoyo wemwana unogona kukura uri woga.
Zvakawanda zvinoenderana nevabereki vemucheche. Apo chirwere chemwoyo chechechecheche chinodiwa nguva nenguva sezvinobvira kufamba nemwana mumhepo itsva, kutsamwa, edza kuzvidzivirira kubva kune utachiona uye kutakura. Inokurudzirwa kuwedzera nhamba yezvokudya panguva yekuderedza kuwanda kwemukaka.
Mwana ane chirwere chepfungwa chinokonzerwa nehutano anofanira kubhadharwa nemunhu anonzi cardiologist uye chiremba wevana vedunhu. Nyanzvi yezvechirwere inotarisisa mwana mugore rokutanga rehupenyu kwemwedzi mitatu uye anoitumira ku ECG mwedzi mitanhatu.
Kana iwe ukashandura kuna chiremba munguva, iwe unogona kurapa chirwere chemwoyo. Vabereki, teererai makumbo enyu!