Kuchengetedzwa kwehupfumi - mitemo uye nzira dzekusimbisa

Izwi rokuti "hupfumi hwehupfumi" rinofanira kuonekwa sechirevo chikuru. Basa remamiriro aya nderokusimbisa nyika, kuwedzera kwakasimba muhutano hwebasa uye huwandu hwakawanda hwekugadzirwa kwemabasa. Zvakavanzika zvakawanda zvinoshandiswa mukugadzirisa zvirongwa zvebhizimisi.

Chii "urombo hwehupfumi"?

Kuchengetedzwa kwezvemari ndiyo nharaunda yezivo yezvidzidzo, apo munhu anoongorora nyika yehupfumi, iyo inogutsikana kugutsikana kwakakwana kwezvinhu zvinodiwa zvenyika, kutonga kwehurumende pamusoro pekushandiswa kwepfuma yepfuma uye kuchengetedzwa kwehupfumi. Zvikamu zvepamusoro:

  1. Development . Apo hupfumi hahunovandudzi, hunova hutambudzike kune kunze kwekutyisidzira.
  2. Kuramba . Nzvimbo yakasimba inokubvumira kumira mitoro.

Mutsara mukuru ndeyekuongorora kwehupfumi hwezvematongerwe enyika, zvichifunga nezvezvigadziriswa, kubudirira kwekushandisa kwavo, guta guru renyika, chiyero kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzehurumende. Kuchengetedzwa kwezvehupfumi ndiko kunetseka kwevadzidzisi vakawanda, ivo vane hanya ne:

Chii chinonzi kuchengeteka kwezvemari?

Chinhu chikuru chekuchengeteka kwehupfumi kunowanikwa muhuwandu hwezviratidzo zvakasiyana, asi chibvumirano chavo chinoita basa rinotungamirira. Izvi zvinopesana nemiganhu, kuputsa kwaro kunodzivisa kuumbwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuberekwa, uye kunogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro yakaipa mukuchengetedzwa kwezvepfumi, naizvozvo basa rinokosha zvikuru rinotarirwa nesangano renyika dzinofarira kuchengetedza yakakwana kuenzaniswa kwehupfumi.

Mhando dzekuchengeteka kwehupfumi

Kungofanana nedzimwe nzira, hupfumi hwezvehupfumi huri hwaro, uye kusagadzikana kweimwe yemhando kunogona kukanganisa kudengenyeka kwe "pyramid yose". Vatsoropodzi vanotsanangura zvinhu zvakadai zvehupfumi hwehupfumi:

  1. Technological and industrial . Iko kutungamirirwa kwezvinhu zvakasikwa zviwanikwa, kutengeswa uye kutengeswa.
  2. Simba . Iyo inoita kuti kugadzikana uye kugadzirwa kwemafekitari nemafekitari, zvinetso zvekugadzira, zvinounza pfuma kuhupfumi hwehurumende.
  3. Inflationary . Inoratidza kuwedzera kwemitengo, iyo inobatanidza nekuyerera kwemari. Iyo yemusika wemari, kubhadhara uye kubhadhara chikwereti chenyika kunoonekwa nokukurumidza mumatare.
  4. Mari . Zviratidzo zvemari mubhajheji, mari yebhangi, misika yekuchengetedza.
  5. Intellectual . Kudzivirirwa kwepapaiti, kodzero, kutungamirirwa nemaitiro.
  6. Informational . Kudzora pamusoro pebasa rezvinobudisa nhau, kupa ruzivo, kuverenga nekunyora kwe "deza".
  7. Mari dzedzimwe nyika . Kuwirirana nehupfumi hwenyika, kutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika, migumisiro yezviyero zvegore negore.

Basa rinokura rinowedzerwa nehupfumi hwehupfumi hwebhizimisi - matanho anotarisirwa kuchengetedza mabasa evashambadziri. Matambudziko akadai sokukakavadzana mukati mekambani, kutyisidzira kubva kumagadzirirwo emhosva, zvirongwa zvekubiridzira zvinoda nzira yakajeka yekugadzirisa mhinduro yavo. Nokudaro, masangano ekuchengeteka anoshanda pamusana pemhando dzakadaro dzokudzivirira:

Nzira dzokugadzirisa kuchengetedza kwehupfumi

Kubva patinenge tichitaura pamusoro pehurongwa hunofukidza zvinhu zvakawanda, chete chirongwa chakafanana chekuchengetedza chinogona kuvimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwayo. Nheyo dzepamusoro dzekuchengetedzwa kwemari:

  1. Iyo inonyanya kuita basa remutemo.
  2. Kubvumirana nehuwandu hwezvido zvemari zvemhuri uye hurumende.
  3. Nguva yezviyero zvakatorwa kuti dzidzivirire "mbiru" dzehupfumi. "
  4. Kuda kururamisa matambudziko ematambudziko, zvose zviri kunze uye mukati.
  5. Kubatanidzwa kwehurongwa hwezvematongerwe enyika uye munyika dzakawanda.

Nhamba dzehupfumi hwehupfumi

Izwi rekuchengeteka kwezvehupfumi rinorevawo maitiro akafanirwa nezvikonzero:

  1. Geographical place yenyika, kuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvinokosha.
  2. Simba rezvemari uye rechiuto rehurumende, sarudzo yaro yekuvandudza.
  3. Kubatsira kumabhizimisi emabhizimisi.

Zvinotyisidzira kugadzikana kwehupfumi

Sangano rekuchengetedzwa kwemari rinotarisa kutyisidzira kwakawanda mune zvose zvinoratidzwa. Nyanzvi dzinochengetedza mamiriro acho ezvinhu kutonga, zvakanyatsogadzirisa zvinhu izvi mukati mawo:

Uye kunze:

Mabhuku ehupfumi hwehupfumi

Nhasi mabhuku ekuchengeteka kwezvemari anomiririrwa nemabhuku mazhinji eEurope neRussia vanyori: kubva mumabhuku uye mabhuku kumabhuku anokosha uye kutsvakurudza kwesayenzi. Kuti unzwisise kuchengeteka kwezvemari uye kwehupfumi, mabasa achabatsira:

  1. V. Chernyak, N. Eriashvili. "Kutarisira zvinetso zvebhizimisi mune zvekuchengetedzwa kwemari . " Iyo maografia inopa zvigadzirwa mumunda wekutengeserana, hukama pakati pehurumende nemasangano ebhizimisi.
  2. K. Burkeeva. "Chirungu mumunda wekuchengetedzwa kwemari . " Bhuku racho rinokudzidzisa kuti ugadzirise zvinetso zvisiri nyore uye zvakaoma, zvichienderana nezvakanakisisa zvevadzidzi veEurope.
  3. I. Kuznetsov. "Business Business" . Bhuku rinotsanangura nzira dzekuchengeta kuchengetedzwa kwemakambani: kubva pakugadzirisa mabasa ekuchengetedza zvirongwa zvakavanzika.