Kamukira kupisa

Ikemikari kupisa ndiko kuparadzwa kwemashupu nekuda kwekubatana neikemikari-acid, alkali, mafuta, petrooline, phosphorus, bitumen, mafuta ane simba, nezvimwewo. Kazhinji kacho, kemikari inopisa inoratidzika kumativi emakumbo, trunk, kashoma - chiso, meso, muromo, muromo.

Mhando dzemakemikari zvinopisa

Nechimiro chemakemikari anoshamisa:

• acid burns (sulfuric, nitric, hydrochloric, hydrofluoric and other acids);
• alkaline kupisa (potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc.);
• fluoride kupisa (hydrofluoric acid);
• phenolic;
• phosphoric nevamwe.

Yokutanga-kurapwa kwechiremba uye kurapwa kwemakemikari anopisa kunoenderana nemhando yehutanisi, saka zvinokosha kuti uzive chaizvo kuti chii chinokonzera kukanganisa kwemashuga.

Degrees of chemicals burns

Kufanana nekupisa kunopisa, chemakemikari maererano nehupamhi hwehutachiona hwemhuka inotsanangurwa sezvinotevera.

• 1 degree - inofambidzana nehutsvuku uye kuzvimba.
• 2 degree - pamusoro pekudzimuka kweganda, mabheta makuru anoumbwa;
• 3 digita - zvikamu zvose zveganda zvinokanganisa;
• 4 degree - kukundwa kunofukidza fufupa.

Zvinoshamisa kuti zviratidzo zvekemikari zvinopisa zvisingazviratidzi zvizere ivo pakarepo, saka zvinokwanisika kuongorora dhigirii yavo chete mushure mokunge rubatsiro rwekutanga rwugoverwa. Chiratidzo chekutanga chinorwadza chinopisa munzvimbo umo kemikemikari ine, uye zvishoma kubwinya. Kana iwe usingatangi pakarepo, iko kutsva kuchabva kubva 1 kusvika kune 2 uye kunyange 3, sezvo chinhu ichi chichiramba chichiita, chinopinda mukati mechidimbu chemuviri.

Batsira nemakemikari anopisa

Kururamisa zviito nemakemikari anopisa zvinogona kuderedza ngozi yehutachiona hwekuvaraidza uye kuwedzera mikana yekurapa nekukurumidza.

1. Mirai makemikari. Kana iyo inodonhedzwa panguvo, inofanira kubviswa pakarepo, kana zviri nani - kutemwa.
2. Shenesa ronda pasi pejet rakanaka remvura inotonhorera 10 - 20 maminitsi, kana rubatsiro rwakanonoka, nguva yekugeza inowedzera kusvika pamaminitsi makumi matatu nemakumi mana.
3. Shamba vanga nerutivi rekutengesa zvinhu.
4. Isa sterile gauze dressing (usashandisa kamba)!
5. Danai ambulensi kana kutumira munhu anenge atambudzwa kumoto unopisa.

Shamba nemvura haigone:

• inopisa neyimu - kuvhara kwayo kunopesana nekupisa kusunungurwa, uye mhuka inobatwa nayo ichawanawo kupisa kwemafuta; rima rinobviswa paganda nenzira yakaoma, uye yakasununguka;
• chinopisa nemakemikari e-aluminium-kusangana nemvura yakazara nemoto; iyo inyanzvi inobviswa paganda nechinwa chewaini.

Kurapa kwemakemikari anopisa

Pukuta ronda pamwe nekutengesa gadzirisa zvinogadziriswa kubva kumakemikari anopisa chete mushure mekureba kwenguva refu nemvura!

• alkaline zvinopisa zvinotapirwa nemaitiro asina simba eacid (acetic, boric, lemon);
• asiri kupisa kupukuta nemhinduro yekubika soda;
• phosphoric burns inoda kushandiswa kwekupfeka kwakanyoroveswa nemhinduro ye potassium permanganate kana mhangura sulfate;
• Phenol inopisa kupukuta ne ethyl doro kana vodka;
• Anopisa lime anobata ne shuga solution.

Kurapa kwemakemikari anopisa

Kana ganda rinosangana nekemikemikari, zvakakosha kuonana nechiremba, Sezvo vamwe vashandisi kunze kwekutsva kunokonzera kutyisa kwemuviri nemishonga. Uyezve, kemikisi inopisa inofambidzana nemamiriro ezvinhu anotyisa, ayo kumba asingakwanisi kurarama. Zvimwe chete zvinopisa 1 degree pamwe nenzvimbo isingasviki mari - iyo kurasikirwa kwezvipatara hakudi.

Kuporesa munyoro makemikari kupisa, semhepo inopisa, inobatsirwa nemishonga sePenhenol, Vishnevsky mafuta, Solcoseryl. Sezvinopesana nemishonga inoshandisa zvinodhaka zvichienderana nesirivha uye doro maitiro eododhi. Chikamu zvinopesana kuti zvinoshanda kune ronda rinogadzirwa nemakemikari kubva pamakemikari anopisa zvichibva pamapurogiramu evanhu pamwe nemimwe mishonga isiri isina kuora uye isina kuwanikwa.