Zvinokwanisika kuti uori hwakanga husiri muhutano hwekare, apo vanhu vaidya chete michero yemiti uye nyama yakakura. Vakanga vane zvipo zvezvipo zvekusika uye pakanga pasina chikonzero chekupa madzinza emarudzi kana vapirisiti zvifuro kuti vabate chikamu chinopa rupo rwemunda kubva kumuvakidzani. Asi pakarepo mukuru wehurumende paakaonekwa, uye munhu uyu akanzwa kuravira kwesimba, pakarepo uori hwakabva hwadziviswa. Iko kare Ijipiti neMesopotamiya vaiziva izvi zvinoparadza. Munharaunda yedu yakagadzikana kune mimwe miedzo yakawanda yekusvibisa kwete ruoko rwevakuru vakuru vasingazvidzi kutsvaga chiokomuhomwe nokuda kwebasa ravo.
Nhoroondo yekurwisana nehuori
Kurwisana nechakaipa ichi chave chiri kuedza kwenguva yakareba. Tsamba dzekare dzinotiudza pamusoro pemitemo iyo madzimambo uye madzimambo vakagamuchira mukurwisana navo. Kutonga kwaIvan kunotyisa, kwakasimbiswa naTsar muna 1561, yakati chirango chekufa chakanga chashungurudzwa nemutongi wekutonga nokuda kwekutora fufuro. Kune mienzaniso yekurwisana kwakakurumbira kupikisana kwevashumiri vehurumende. Muscovites muna 1648, vakaronga zvirongwa zvakadaro zvokuti kunyange chikamu cheguta racho chaipiswa. Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich akamanikidzwa kuendesa kune vanhu vazhinji vevashandi vake - vakuru veZemsky nePushkarskiy mirairo. Gore rakatevera, muKathedral Code ye1649, mhosva yemhosva yakatangwa nokuda kwechiokomuhomwe.
Matambudziko ekurwisana nehuori akabatwawo nekutambudzwa naPeter I. Panguva yekutonga kwake, kusagadzikana kwakasvika zvakaenzana. Mushure mekufa kwake, Prince Menshikov akakwanisa kubvisa rubles mamiriyoni akawanda kubva kune goridhe uye zvishongo kubva kumabhanki ekune dzimwe nyika. Kwete kune zvake pamutengo wehurumende, vamwe vakuru vakuru vakagadziriswa. Mitemo yakakura yakatangwa, kupesana nehuori maitiro zvakamanikidzwa, vatongi vakakurumbira nguva nenguva vairangwa, asi hapana mumwe wemachinda aigona kubvisa zvachose chiitiko ichi chinokuvadza.
Utori hwekato hwakatanga kuonekwa muWestern Europe. Makambani Makuru uye makambani ekutsvaga zvavanoda ivo pachavo vaibhadhara mutero kwete kune imwe purogiramu yekrete, asi zvakananga kureji yemari yepati. Munyika dzenyika yechitatu, hurumende yekutonga yakaunza hurumende dzavo kune ichocho, kuti hazvibviri kugadzirisa chero chinhu pasina mari yekupa. Semuenzaniso, muIndonesia, Mutungamiri Suharto akanyatsorondedzera pfumbamuromo yehurumende dzedzimwe nyika iyo yaifanira kubhadhara kune mhuri yemhuri kuti ave nemvumo yekushanda pano.
Munyika yose kurwisana nehuori
Hondo nechakaipa ichi inopesana nedzimwe kusiyana pakati pemitemo yepamutemo yemasimba akasiyana. Mune dzimwe nyika vadzidzi chete vanorangwa, uye kune vamwe chete nokuda kwehofu. Kupa mari haisi mhosva kune avo. MuUnited States, kukurudzirwa kwemashoko kunogona kungobva kuhurumende yake, uye nekuputsa mutemo uyu, kusvika kumakore maviri mujeri. Nokuda kwechiokomuhomwe munharaunda ino, mitemo yejeri kusvika kumakumi maviri emakore inopiwa. Nokudaro, pano uhu hwehuori hwakanyanya kudarika kune dzimwe nyika. Muna 1989, nyika dziri muBoka reVanomwe dzakasimbisa Dzana reMarudzi DzeMari Kubhadhara, rakagadziridza uye rakabatsira kuita mitezo yakawanda yekurwisana nechakaipa ichi. Muna 2005, United Nations Convention against Corruption yakatanga kushanda. Zvishoma nezvishoma, nharaunda yenyika iri kuedza kuunza kune zvakafanana mitemo yezvakaipa kune dzimwe nyika dzakabudirira. Pakati pehurumende pane kuchinjana kwemashoko, kuwedzera kwevanhu vakaita uori hwehuori. Zvimwe zvakakosha ndezvekuti hutano hwevanhu huri kurwisana nehuori, izvo zvishoma nezvishoma zvinowanikwa munyika dzose kudzivirira kuparwa kwemhosva.
Zuva Rokurwisa Uori
Zuva rokutanga reZuva Rokurwisana neUori hwakatanga kupemberera musi waDecember 9, 2003. Zuva iroro papamusoro-soro muguta reMexico rinonzi Merida musangano mukuru wakaitika. Sangano reUnited Corruption Against Corruption rakavhurwa kuti rive saini. Zvose zvese zvakasaina rugwaro urwu ndezvekupomera mhosva yekubhabhatidza, kubhadhara mari, kubavha kwemari yehurumende. Nzira dzose dzinofanira kutorwa kubva kumakororo ndokudzokera kune imwe nyika iyo kuba kwavo kwakaitwa. Misangano, zviratidzo, misangano inofanira kuitwa paZuva Rokurwisana neHori. Vanhu vose vanofunga kuti chinhu ichi chinopomerwa mhosva vanofanira kugovana zvavanowana, kubatanidza maitiro avo uye pamwe chete kurwisa zvakaipa.