- Tsamba: Chavin de Huantar, Peru
- Telefonhare : +51 921 269 592
- Zvose nzvimbo: anenge 28 mamita masere. km.
- Kureba kumusoro kwegungwa: 3200 m
Chavin de Huantar ndechimwe chezvinyorwa zvekare zvekubudirira pasi pano, nzvimbo yekugara kwekare kare muAndes makiromita 250 kubva kuLima , pakakwirira mamita 3,200 mamita. Iyo yakaoma inoshandiswa senzvimbo yekuitisa tsika dzechitendero - izvi zvinoratidzwa nemakachengetwa akawanda ezvinyorwa zvejagi, nyoka, mapuritsi, mifananidzo yemiti yakasiyana-siyana yemashiracinogenic yakashandiswa nevapristi panguva yemitambo; Uyewo pano yakawanikwa zvivigiro izvo vapristi vaigadzira houcucinogenic kubva pamiti iyi. Masayendisiti anotenda kuti muChavin de Huantar, kwete chete mhemberero dzechitendero, asiwo kuungana kwevanhu kwakaitika. Zvichida temberi uye nzvimbo yacho yakashanda sechitarisiko chekucherechedza.
Izvo zvivakwa zvekuoma
Akawana Chavin de Huantar akangoerekana aine njodzi makore zana apfuura nemurimi uyo, panguva yekurimwa kwenyika yacho, akawana nzvimbo yakareba (yakareba mamita maviri) ibwe rakagadzika rakaratidzwa chisikwa chisingazivikanwi. Murimi akachera zvitsva uye akashandisa semakiromita, kusvikira zuva rimwe rakaonekwa nemutariri weItaly Estella Raimondi. Chavin de Huantar inonzi inzvimbo yezvokuchera matongo uye yakanyorwa seNESESCO World Heritage Site.
Nzvimbo yose yekugara kwekare inenge makiromita makumi mana emakiromita. km. Zvivakwa uye zvikwereti zvinoumba zvikwata zvepamusoro uye zvikwangwani, asi izvi hazvisi izvo zvinotyisa; Zvinoshamisika kuti zvose zvavo zvinotungamirirwa nechekumabvazuva-kumahombekombe nechisimbiso chinoshamisa. Zvivakwa zvakachengetedzwa zvakashata zvakakwana - kushanyira dambudziko racho, uchaona masara emadziro akafukidzwa nenyika uye uswa. Mumadziro mune mazaruriro emakona (kune makumi maviri kune avo), shure kwacho kune makamuri mukati; vamwe vavo waunogona kushanyira.
Imba yekare - iyo nzvimbo yezvigadzirwa zvekushongedza
Temberi yekare ine zvivako zviviri; yakanga yakagadzirwa kunenge 1200-900 BC. Ichi chiumbwa chikuru chinogadzirwa nenzira yehuta U. Muvanze pane zvivako zvemuzinda, pane zvigadzirwa zvakavezwa zvejaguar, zvinokonzera, condors uye falcons. Muchikati chetemberi kune mabhii maviri.
Pakati pezvikamu zvezvenzvimbo iri "Spear" ("lanson") - kutora kureba mamita 4.5, yakagadzirwa nemuchena granite. Chimiro chayo chaizvoizvo chakafanana nechepakati pepfumo - iyo yakaoma polyhedron, iyo yakakwirira yakarodzwa. Pasi pane mufananidzo wezvisikwa zvenhema zvinoita se "mutambo" wemurume ane jaguar uye nyoka. Zvichida yaiva "pfumo" ndiyo yaiva nzvimbo huru yeChavin de Huantar yose yakaoma. Pano panewo pfungwa yokuti yakange iinewo kukosha kwezvokudenga, sezvo shoko rokuti "jaguar" ("chincha" kana kuti "chinchai") rakanyatsobatanidzwa necheredhiyo Orion ("Choke-Chinchai"). Gomba riri padenga re temberi, rakanamatira "kumucheto wepfumo", rinotaura kuti rakavakwa "kumativi ose" iri dombo. Iyo inozivikanwa kuti temberi yakashanda se "chirevo" - vatendi vakanzwa inzwi re "kutaura navo mwari."
Chinokosha ndiwo masvingo ekunze eThe Old Temple; kamwechete pavakange vakashongedzwa nematombo ematombo anopfuura mazana maviri - vanhu nemhuka dzakasiyana-siyana. Nhasi yose yakazara iwe unogona kuona imwe chete yadzo.
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New Temple
Ichechi idzva yakavakwa kare gare - masayendisiti anoita kuti ive makore 500-200 BC. Iyo yakakura - 75 mx 72.5 m. Vakawanda mapurisa uye ndima dzakavanzika dzakawanikwa mutembere, nekuda kwekuti vaprista vanogona kuoneka zvakanyatsobudirira - sekunge "pasina." Kureba kwetemberi kunotendwa kuva mamita 13. Mukati maiva nechetatu pamakamuri, matanho uye makamuri.
MuNew Church, zvifananidzo zvizhinji zvakawanikwa. Pamberi pake pane mativi mana akaenzana. Pedyo neNew Church kune nzvimbo yakasviba nechena, iyo iyo yakawanda yezvivako uye zvikwereti zvekugadzirisa zvakabatana. Iye, sezviri pachena, akanga ane chinhu chinokosha chitsvene. Iko rinoshandiswa nemhando mbiri dzebwe: kurutivi rwekumaodzanyemba igadziro dema rakagadzirwa nemarestone yakasviba, kurutivi rwezasi rwezvikwiriso, granite yakachena yakashandiswa. Pamativi acho pane mabwe maviri akapoteredza misoro ye grey andesite, yakashongedzwa nemifananidzo yezvisikwa zvemitambo - nemuviri wemunhu, mapapiro e-condor, musoro wejaguar uye muromo weshiri inodya.
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Zvimwe zviyeuchidzo
Zvimwe zviyeuchidzo zviviri zvakawanikwa panzvimbo yacho ndeye Obeliski yeTello, iyo inonzi quadrangular pole ine zvikwata zvine jaguar fangs, uye Raimondi's Stone - inoratidza chimiro chine muzimbe wejaguar (kana puma) inobata vashandi pane imwe neimwe yapamberi paw . Kubva piramidi yeTiro, yaiva pamberi peChechi yekare, zvishoma zvakachengetedzwa; panenge panguva yekuvakwa kwayo, masayendisiti anopokana - vamwe vanotenda kuti yakagadzirwa mushure mekuvakwa kweNzvimbo Itsva, asi vazhinji vanofarira kutenda kuti Imba yeTemberi yakawanda "duku" kupfuura piramidi.
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How to get to Chavin de Huantar?
Iwe unogona kusvika ku Chavin de Huantar kubva kuOlaz nebhazi rinogara rinosvika kumusha wemazuva ano we Chavin; kubva ipapo iwe unofanira kufamba makiromita. Iwe unogona kubva kuOouaraz nekuona nzvimbo yebhasi. Unogona kusvika kuHuaraz kubva kuLima neTrujillo nekugara mabhasi. Muchiitiko chekutanga, rwendo runotora anenge maawa masere.
Ikoko kunewo nzira yevatyairi veOlleros-Chavin; Inotanga muguta reOlheos uye rinotora mazuva matatu. Iwe unogona kuziva nezvekufambisa uku kune imwe yamahotera uye masangano ekufambisa muHuaraz.
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