Incubator ye mazai - zvose zvisiri nyore zvekushandisa uye chisarudzo chevatangisi

Kuti uite mhuka yekukuma, iwe unoda cheki inotendwa mazai. Iko kune zvigadzirwa zvemabhizimisi uye zvemumba, zvakasiyana muhuwandu, mazvigadziro nezvimwe zvinhu zvinogadzirwa. Kuti usarudze mufambiro wakabudirira, unoda kuziva mutemo wekushanda kwechigadziri ichi uye kuti udzidze matanho ekutanga anogadzirisa kubereka.

Mamiriro ezvinhu mu incubator mazai

Pasinei nokuti une imba yakagadzirirwa mazai mazai kana foni yefiniti, pasina kunyatsomiririra kurongwa hwekudzivirira, haugoni kuwana chick yakanaka. "Kushushikana" mhombwe dzisina simba, dzinobva muhove gare gare, dzinotowedzera kuwedzera. Mhuri "yakanyanyisa" ine ruzivo rwakanyanyisa, iyo yolk inonyatsoswededzerwa mukati, iyo yakawanda yezana remabrosi anogumburwa. Kukurudzira kushandiswa kwekudzivirira nekusimudza kutonhora ndicho chisarudzo chakaipa. Mukuwedzera, hutano hwejiko mu incubator mazai hunofurirwa nemumvuri, kuputika kwemhepo nezvimwe zvinhu.

Incubator yekushisa kwemazai

Nguva yokuputira, kuputika nguva uye kutonhora kwemamiriro ese e shiri shiri dzakasiyana. Huchi dzinodzingwa kwemazuva makumi maviri nemashanu, uye nokuda kwekuonekwa kwezvinyuchi zvinotarisirwa kumirira kusvika mazuva makumi maviri nemaviri. Shandisai rimwe chete rinosungirirwa mazai panguva imwe chete kuitira guinea shiri , huku uye madhanza zvinogona kungova nomunhu ane ruzivo. Pamazuva akasiyana, kutonhora mumubatanidzwa wekuku mazai kunosiyana maererano nematanho ekufambisa kwema embryo. Chiyero chekudziya kwemazai - kubva 27 ° C kusvika 43 ° C, inotonhora yakawanda yepamusoro yekupisa kwemazai inobva 37 ° C kusvika 40 ° C, kana kupisa kunogadzirwa kubva kumativi akasiyana - 38.5 ° C.

Kunyoroka mumubatanidzwa we mazai

Chimwe chikonzero nei zvakaoma kuwana zvakakwana zvinokonzerwa nehove uye mvura inowanikwa mune imwe yehavha yechando ndiyo imwe yakasiyana yemvura kune shiri imwe neimwe. Kuomeswa kwekoto kunounza kubuda kwemvura kubva muzai, iyo inokanganisa embryo zvakashata. Iyo mhepo inenge ichichengeterwa mazai mazai inochengetedzwa kuburikidza nemigero yakanyorowa mumucheto wezasi weiyo kana kubika tereysi yakaiswa pasi pevha, kushandisa mhuri kana kuti sprayers.

Kana pasina chinhu chakakosha chekuchinja humidity (nyanzvi hygrometer), ipapo thermometer yezvokurapa yakaputirwa mumucheka wakachena wekotoni kana jira rekotoni rinogona kushandiswa nokuda kwechinangwa ichi. Isu tine chinhu chakaoma uye chakasvibira pane imwe nhanho, tinoshandura incubator. Mushure memaminitsi gumi nemashanu, asi mvura isati yanyura zvachose, tinofananidza kuverenga kwavo patafura chaiyo.

Mhepo inononoka yemhepo zvichienderana nezviratidzo zvemvura yakadzika uye yakadzika (nguva yekudzivirira) kutsetseka,%
Dry thermometer, ° С	Wet thermometer, ° С
Dry thermometer, ° С	24	24.5	25	25.5	26th	26.5	27th	27.5	28	28.5	29	29.5	30	30.5	31	31.5	32	32.5	33
35	37	39	42	44	47	49	52	54	57	60	62	65	68	71	73	76	79	82	86
35.6	36	38	40	42	45	47	50	53	55	57	60	62	65	68	71	73	76	79	83
36	34	36	38	41	43	45	48	51	53	55	58	60	63	66	68	71	74	76	79
36.5	32	35	37	39	41	43	46	48	51	53	57	58	61	63	66	68	71	74	76
37	31	33	35	37	40	42	44	47	49	51	54	56	58	61	63	66	68	71	74
37.5	30	32	34	36	38	40	42	44	47	49	52	54	56	59	61	64	66	68	71
38	28	30	32	34	36	38	41	43	45	47	50	52	54	57	59	61	64	66	68
38.5	27th	29	31	33	35	37	39	41	43	45	48	50	52	55	57	59	61	64	66
39	26th	27th	29	31	33	35	37	39	41	43	46	48	50	52	55	57	59	61	64
39.5	24	26th	28	30	32	34	36	38	40	42	44	46	48	51	53	55	57	59	62
40	23	25	27th	29	30	32	34	36	38	40	42	44	46	49	51	53	55	57	60

Ungasarudza sei incubator mazai?

Pakutanga, zvakanga zvisiri nyore kuwana chimiro chakanaka chemazai mubasa rekutengeserana, vanhu vaifanira kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi kubva mupurasitiki yemapuranga, plywood, yekare firiji nezvimwe zvinhu. Iye zvino zvivigiro zvakazara nemidziyo yemhando iyi, zvose zvekugara uye zvekune dzimwe nyika, asi mubvunzo unomuka nechisarudzo chakanaka chechimiro uye chivimbo chekushandisa. Inofanira kumirisana neyo yaidiwa nzira yekudzivirira uye inoratidzwa kuti irege kuputsa mukati meitiro iyi inokosha.

Zvinokonzera kusarudza yakanaka yakabatanidzwa:

Thermoregulator. Kune ma mechanical (manual) uye magetsi ekutonga, asi chero zvikaitika kuti kukodzera kwavo kirasi kunokosha. Pamhuri yemidziyo, pane makirasi matanhatu ekururama. Vatungamiri vatatu havatsvaki vatengi, asi vanotya madonheji mumhepo. Izvo zvakanyanya kutengesa kutsika danho iri 0.1 ° C.
Kuchinja kwemazai. An incubator ye mazai anogadzirisa kushandiswa kwemagetsi anonyanya kugadzirisa, asi anodhura. Zvigadzirwa zvakaderera zvakagadzirwa nepurasitiki yemapuranga nemapurasitiki epurasitiki.
Humidity control. Mune zvigadzirwa zviduku hapana ma hygrometers zvachose, saka unoda kuongorora chiratidzo ichi iwe pachako. Mazuva ano mafashoni anogadzirwa nemagetsi echando masvikiro ane boka rakanaka rekururama.
Kuchenesa element. Kuwedzera kwemafuro mabhururo ndiyo yakaderera, asi kazhinji inopisa, iyo inotungamirira mukuputsa kwehurumende. Iye zvino vashandi vanoshandura kunotisa zvinhu kana thermo-firimu, iyo inogara yakasimba.
Gadzira simba rekuchengetedza simba. Zvishandiso zvinodhura zvinogona kushamwaridzana nemabhatiriyoni 12V uchishandura akavakwa-in converter.
Housing. Kuti uiswe muimba inotonhorera, chigadziro chezvinhu chero chipi zvacho chakakodzera, asi muimba inotonhora zviri nani kushandisa incubator ye mazai akaitwa kubva kumapenzi. Plastiki inobatsira - yakasimba uye zviri nyore kushamba.

Incubators for egg gratings

Lattice ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvepi zvayo. Iko inokubvumira kugadzirisa mazai munzvimbo yakakodzera, vashandure paakona yakarurama. Chimwe chinhu chinokonzera mazai chakagadzirwa nemasikirwo emarudzi ose akasiyana-siyana, ayo anokonzerwa nechinangwa choga. Pamberi pacho, dzakagadzirwa nesimbi kana tambo, ikozvino kakawanda plastiki zvikamu zvinoshandiswa. Mazuva ano, zviri nyore kuzvidzivirira kuunganidza maitiro ekugadzirisa maitiro emagetsi, kushandiswa kwegadziriro yakasikwa yepasi rose nemotokari.

Standard cell size:

huku mazai - 0,67-0,75 mm;
yezvihuta - 0,35-0,45 mm;
nekuda kwekubatanidzwa kwevanamate nehese - 0.75-0.86 mm.

Nzira yekushandisa sei incubator?

Kunyangwe zvipfeko zvakakwana zvakakwana zvinoda kuongorora nguva, mune zvakawanda zveChina zvinokonzera, kuverenga senjodzi kuri kutadza kubva muchokwadi, nguva nenguva yekushongedza kururamisa kunodiwa. Mune bhizinesi, kuti ungashandisa sei incubator kumba, hakuna dambudziko guru. Iwe unofanirwa kuziva nzira yekuisa mazai zvakakodzera kana iine purogiramu, yakasvibiswa uye yakashandurwa. Iyo inonyanya kukosha nuance ndeyekuyeuka kuti kutonhora kuchengetedza panguva imwe nguva yekudzivirira, kudzivisa kupisa uye kutengesa kwemazai.

Zvikanganiso zvakanyanya mukugadziriswa kwekuita:

Kusaziva kwechigadzirwa chekushandisa, munhu haazivi kushandisa sarudzo, haanzwisisi zviyero zvavo, anogadzirisa kutadza kusina kunaka. Zvinokurudzirwa kuedza pakutanga nechitsiko chisina chinhu, kuratidza hutano hwakasiyana pamasenera kuti udzidze kuti ungashandise sei.
Mushandisi haagadziri mazai evha inoshandiswa, haina kunyora nguva uye zuva rebhukiti.
Kushandiswa kwamazai akare, nguva yakawanda yekuchengetedza kwavo - kusvika kumavhiki maviri.
Iyo incubator inosvibiswa yakasvibiswa uye yakasvibiswa nenyama, isina kushandiswa nokuda kweizvi dzisina kukodzera.
Anopinda mukushisa, kazhinji simba rinoputika mumutambo.
Iyo incubator ye mazai yakaiswa munzvimbo isina kururama, pedyo nekunatsa mabhatiri, muzuva.
Maii haatendeuki panguva.

Kugadzirira iyo incubator yebhukukiti

Iva nechokwadi chekuverenga pasipoti yedhafisi uye yakagadzirirwa, maitiro ekare akasiyana chaizvo nezvishandiso zvemuenzaniso wekutsva. Kugadzirira kwekudzivirira kwebasa kwebasa kunotanga nekusaporeka kwezvinhu zvayo zvemukati neEcocide, chloramine, formaldehyde. Shamba chivako, muviri, trays, grilles. Isu tinoisa iyo incubator munzvimbo inotonhora, kure nemubhadharo, mabheti uye mahwindo akazaruka. Zviise panzvimbo yakadzika. Isu tinoshandura iyo incubator, shandura ma sensor kumapendire aunoda, mushure memaawa makumi mana, mushure mokunge uchidziya uye uchitarisa zvose zvinoratidza, yakagadzirira kushandiswa.

Nzira dzekudzivirira mazai muine incubator

Kana iwe wakadzidza kushandisa zvakanaka sei incubator, ipapo kuchengetedza mamiriro ekutanga kunenge kuri nyore. Usakanganwa nezvekudzivirira kwekhamera, varidzi vezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi kakawanda havazviiti, izvo zvinowedzera huwandu hwekukohwa kwehoku. Nekusava nemhepo yakashata, vanoberekwa vane maitiro, maitiro, kazhinji a naklia mune chikamu chepamusoro chegomba. Mhepo isina kukwana inotungamirira pakuzvarwa kwevana vaduku uye vasina simba, uye pahupamhi hwepamusoro iyo naklev inowanikwa nekunonoka.

Utongi hwekushisa hwekuchengetwa kwezvikuku:

Mazuva 1-6 - 38 ° C,
7-11 mazuva - 37.5-37.7 ° C,
12-20 zuva - 37.3-37.5 ° C,
Zuva 21 - kubuda kwehuchi kubva muhombe.

Iyo yakakwana yehutano hwehutu hwehuku mazai:

Mazuva 1-7 - 50-55%,
8-14 mazuva - 45-50%,
15-18 zuva - 50%,
19-21 mazuva - kusvika ku70%

Ndeipi inofanira kuva mazai emubatanidzwa?

Ivhareji inorema mazai inotakura basa guru, kuitira kuti mazai eii anokwana magiramu 60, emhando dzekudzivirira - 70 g Pakarepo gurai zvinhu zvakasvibiswa uye zvakasviba, edza kuongorora hombe yekipi duku nemapundu. Zviri nani kushandisa mazai matsva ekudzivirira mazai, munyaya iyi mukana wekuwana muchero wakanaka wejiko unowedzera zvikuru. Iyo mukati mazai inotarirwa neovoscope yepamhizha kana yekuita.

Ii mazai anofanira kunge ari mune incubator apo kutsvakurudza yemiriwo:

Kamuri yepamhepo iri pamagumo akajeka.
Iyo yejeni iri pedyo nepakati.
Iyo yejeni yakakwana uye haina kupararira.
Hapana nzvimbo dzine rima kana tsvuku tsvina.
Apo mazai anotenderera, iyo yolk haifambi.

Inguva yakareba sei iyo yakange yakavigwa mumubatanidzwa?

Mubvunzo unokosha, nguva yakareba sei kuchengetedza mazai mumubatanidzwa, zvinoenderana neukama hweshiri. Naklev muhoku dzinonzwika kubva mumazuva makumi mana, muvhareji wehuwandu hwekudzivirirwa kwemazuva 21. Ducks uye turkeys zvakabikwa pazuva re25-26 neine kuiswa kwemazuva makumi mana. Mazai ejozi anogara mumubatanidzwa kwenguva yakareba kwazvo, vanoruma kubva pazuva 28, uye kuregererwa kwemafuti kunoitwa musi we31. Huchi dzinofanira kusarudza ivo pachavo kubva pazai, kana dzichipindira nehutano hwemhuka, kune ngozi yakawanda yekukuvadza utachiona hwehutachiona.

Nzira yekuisa sei mazai muine incubator?

Mazai vasati vashongedzerwa akachengetwa munzvimbo inotonhorera, zuva risati rachengetwa kwemaawa 12 kusvika pa25 ° C. Nestlings dzinokura zviri nani muchero pane uswa hwakasvibirira, kana kupisa kusati kuchikwirira, saka nguva yakanakisisa yeii yega inobva kumagumo eFebruary kusvika kuma1May. Inokurudzirwa kuita iyi nharo muhafu yepiri yezuva, ipapo mapeji ekutanga anovhurwa mangwanani, uye pakuguma kwezuva iyo kubatanidzwa kuchazadzikiswa zvachose. Muchiitiko chacho, maitiro ekuisa mazai mu-incubator, basa ravo mutiyiti rinotora basa, kuitira kupisa kwakanaka, kuisa mukati mukati nepamusoro kana pasi pekuda.

Nzira yekushandura mazai mumubatanidzwa?

Iyo nzira yekushandura mazai mumubatanidzwa inoita kuti zvive nyore nyore kushandisa, pane izvozvi iwe unongoda kungoona zvakanyatsorongwa purogiramu. Muchengetedze pasina kushanduka kamwe chete kweteresi, iyi nzira inogadzirwa nemunhu. Kana izvi zvisati zvaitwa, mazai acho achabatana pamadziro uye achafa. Inokurudzirwa kuti iyananise basa iri pamwe nekuputika kwechigadzirwa. Zvinokurudzirwa kuisa mavara pamazai kuitira kuti usakanganiswa nemakona ekutenderera. Kusvikira zuva 19, chiitiko chacho chinoitwa kanomwe pazuva, saka tinomira kupfira uye kutendeuka.