Down Syndrome ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakajairika zvakasiyana-siyana zvema genetic. Iko kunowanikwa kunyange pamusana wekugadzirwa kweoocyte kana chirume kana panguva yekusanganiswa kwavo panguva yekudyara. Uyezve, mwana ane chromosome yechi21 uye nekuda kweizvozvo, mumasero emuviri hapana 46, sezvinotarisirwa, asi ma chromosomes 47.
Nzira yekuziva sei Down's syndrome panguva yekudzivirira?
Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuona Down syndrome panguva yekudzivirira. Pakati pavo - nzira dzinopesana, ultrasound, kuongorora kuve nepamuviri . Kutendeseka, Down's syndrome inogona kuongororwa mu fetus chete nekubatsirwa nenzira dzinopesana:
- chorionic biopsy pamavhiki 10-12 - chibereko chinowanikwa mushure memazuva mashoma. Zvisinei, nzira yacho inotyisa nokuti inogona kukonzera kusununguka kwepasipo mumatambudziko matatu muzana;
- placentocentosis pamasvondo gumi nemasere gumi nemakumi maviri nemasere - chibereko chichakuudzwa kwauri mushure memazuva mashoma. Ngozi yezvinetso zvakafanana - 3-4% yemhosva inopera mukuparara kwepasipo;
- amniocentesis pamasvondo 17-22 - munyaya iyi njodzi yekuparara pamuviri inenge 0.5%;
- Cordocentesis pamasvondo 21-23 - 1-2% yemhosva inopera mukuparara.
Kana panguva yekusarudzwa kuvapo kweArt's syndrome kunoonekwa, zvinokwanisika kugumisa kuberekwa kwemasvondo makumi maviri nemaviri.
Zvechokwadi, pangozi yekuparara kwepasina-kamwe-kamwe kunofadza kwekutendeseka, kunyanya kana zvichizoitika kuti mwana akange akanaka. Nokudaro, havasi zvose zvinogadziriswa nekuda kwekuita kwakadaro. Nehumwe hutano hwehutano, Down's syndrome inogona kutongwa nemigumisiro yekuongorora kwe ultrasound.
Ultrasound ye fetus neArt syndrome
Zviratidzo zveArt's syndrome mu fetus panguva yekuzvitakura zvakaoma kuziva nechibatsiro che ultrasound, sezvo chidzidzo chakadaro chichibvumira kutsvaga nehupamhi hwekuvimbika chete pachena zvirwere zvakakomba zvevanhu. Zvisinei, pane zviverengero zvechiratidzo apo chiremba angafungidzira kuti fetus ine chromosome yakawedzerwa. Uye kana iri pakuongorora kubhechi ine zviratidzo zveArt's syndrome, kudzidza kwavo muhutano kuchaita kuti iyananise mufananidzo wakaenzana uye kujekesa trisomy 21 neimwe nguva inogona.
Saka, izvi zvinosanganisira:
- kuwedzera kwekoro nzvimbo (kureba kwakakura kwemakanda emudzimai kana kuunganidzwa kwemukati mutsva mumvura kumashure kwe fetal neck). Kazhinji, iyi parameter haifaniri kudarika 2.5 mm yevakadzi nekuongorora uye 3 mm kuti iongorore kuburikidza nemadziro emimba. Kudzidza kwakadaro kunoitwa pamasvondo gumi neshanu;
- kureba kwemapfupa emhino dzomukati - zvinotarirwa mumutatu wechipiri. Hypoplasia yemapfupa anobuda aripo mumwana wose wechipiri ane Down syndrome;
- shanje yakakura;
- kuderedza maxillary bone;
- tachycardia inonyoresa (zvinopfuura 170 zvibvu paminiti);
- kukanganisa kwehuwandu hwekuyerera kweropa mumugwagwa unobuda.
Kana iwe wakawana imwe kana zvimwe zviratidzo pa ultrasound, izvi hazvirevi zana zana zvekuberekwa kwemwana ane Down's syndrome. Iwe unorayirwa kuti uende mune imwe yeongororo yemarabara inotsanangurwa pamusoro apa, apo mukadzi achishandisa muromo wemuviri anotora mazai ekuberekwa.
Ultrasound inonyanya kudzidzisa panguva yevhiki 12-14 - panguva ino nyanzvi inogona kunyatsoziva zvakakwana dambudziko rekubatsira uye kutora kutora matanho anodiwa.
Kuchengetedza Down's syndrome - kunyorwa
Imwe nzira yekucherechedza Down's syndrome pakuberekwa ndeyekuongorora ropa rehupenyu hwemukadzi ane pamuviri akatorwa kubva mumutsipa. Kuongororwa kwevakadzi vane pamuviri kweArt's syndrome kunosanganisira kugadzirisa kwekuisa muropa rake re alfa-fetoproteins uye hormone hCG.
Alfafetoprotein ipuroteni yakagadzirwa ne fetal chiver protein. Inopinda muropa remukadzi kuburikidza neamniotic fluid. Uye uwandu hwakadzika hweprotini iyi hunogona kuratidza kuve kweArt syndrome. Icho chinonyatsokurudzirwa kuti uite izvi kurongwa pamasvondo gumi nemasere kusvika masere.