Mumuromo wemunhu, zvakawanda zvemagadzirirwo emakemikari zvinorarama, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakashata mazino. Mabhakitiriya anokonzera kuparadzwa kwayo, iyo inowanzokonzera kukurudzirwa kwemahara. Pasina hutano hwakanaka uye panguva yakakodzera, chirwere ichi chinokura nokukurumidza uye chinopararira kumazino ane utano.
Chii chiri caries?
Shanduro yezita rechirwere kubva muchiLatin - kuora. Chirwere ichi chiri kuongororwa chakaoma uye chinononoka nzira yekuparadzwa kwemazino mazino mazino nema microbes. Chimiro che caries chinotsanangurwa nekutemwa kweiamel uye kuparadzwa kwechimiro chayo pasi pesimba remukati nekunze. Zvishoma nezvishoma zvakakanganiswa uye mamwe mazinga akaoma ezino, kusanganisira dentin. Kana pasina hutano hwakanaka, nguvaontitis uye pulp zvinopisa.
Zvinokonzera caries:
- kusakarurama kana kusakwana kwehutano hwemuviri;
- kushayikwa kwevhithamini;
- chikafu chisina kukodzera uye chinotyisa chezvokudya zvine ma carbohydrate;
- chronic dental tissue formation disorders;
- chirwere chemuviri wepamuviri;
- rickets kana tuberculosis in anamnesis;
- zvirwere zvezvirwere zvemuviri;
- kushaya phosphorus, calcium kana fluorine;
- kukanganisa uye kukanganisa pakati pemeno;
- bite pasina kurapwa;
- zvishoma, pathogenic yakagadzirwa samate;
- genetic predisposition.
Aina dze caries
Kune kusiyana kwakasiyana-siyana kwechirwere, asi kuita vanachiremba vanowanzoshandisa kupatsanurana nenzvimbo uye danho. Zvichienderana nechinzvimbo chekuora, mhando dzinotevera dzehutano dzakasiyana:
- Cervical - caries muchikamu chezasi chezino, pamuganhu neino.
- Kushungurudza (kufungidzira) - kuparadzwa mumakomba emitemo.
- Kupindira - kunopera munzvimbo dziri pakati pemeno.
- Neck - cervical lesion ne putrefactive nzira pasi pegamu.
- Caries yemeno ekunze - kuparadzwa kwezvinonzi incisors pamwe nemiganhu.
- Iatrogenic - kukanganisa kwakapoteredza mahedheni, mabhesi uye zvimwe zvivako zvekurapa.
Nhanho dze caries
Maererano nehuwandu hwekuparadzwa kwemazino mazino akaoma, chirwere chinosarudzwa kuva maitiro anotevera:
- Nzvimbo yeiyo nzvimbo. Dino enamel mune dzimwe nzvimbo inochinja ruvara, inova chena. Kurapa kwekuchengetedza pazera iri kunokurumidza uye kunorwadza. Cretaceous stain inoratidzika nehutachiona hwekuparadza.
- Zviitiko zvepamusoro. Enamel inorasikirwa nemaminerari ayo, inowana chimiro chakaoma. Iko kuwedzerwa kunzwisisika kwemeno kunopisa, kutonhora, kutapira uye kuoma.
- Avhareji caries. Matongo kwete kwete chete, asiwo muganhu wayo ne dentin. Kukuvara kwezino kunonyatsooneka, kurwadziwa kunonzwika, kunyanya kana paine hutsinye hunogumbura zvokudya nekumwa.
- Deep deep. Rotting inosvika dentin uye yakasara iri pedyo nemaspire. Pain syndrome isingaperi uye yakasimba.
Ndeipi caries ine ngozi?
Pasina nguva yakarapwa, chirwere chinokurumidza kufambira mberi uye chinokonzera zvinetso. Deep dental caries inogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro inotevera:
- Pulpitis iri kuputika kwezvivako zviduku zvemukati, kusanganisira mitsipa, mitsipa yeropa uye maviri.
- Periodontitis ndiko kukundwa nekuvhiringidzwa kwehutano hwemitsipa inobata zino riri mumagumo nemasaya.
- Granuloma - chikwama (cyst) yakazadzwa ne pus. Inowanikwa pamudzi wezino, ndiyo inotarisa zvirwere zvisingaperi mumuviri.
Kurapa kwekarivha nekodha
Kugadzirira kwezvinhu zvakakanganisika kunoita kuti kubviswa kwezvinhu zvose zvakakonzerwa nemarara. Kunyange zvazvo iyi ndiyo nzira chete yekubvisa mararamiro pane zvakadzama zvechirwere chacho. Maviri acho akabviswa anotsiviwa nechinzvimbo chekugadzirisa maitiro muzvisimbiso zvezvisimbiso. Zvinhu zvemazuva ano zvinotarisa zvakasikwa uye hazvisi zvakasiyana nemuvara kubva kumeno avo ane utano.
Kuchengetedzwa kwemashure - zvikamu
Chikoro chechirongwa chekugadzirisa nzvimbo dzakakanganiswa kunoitwa maererano nehuwandu hwechirongwa, dzimwe nhanho dzinogona kugadziridzwa nevechiremba wemazino zvichienderana nehumwe humwe hunhu hwomurwere. Kurapa kwemaharavha kunosanganisira zvikamu zvinotevera:
- Kuchenesa. Chidimbu uye ibwe rinodzingwa kubva kumazino ane chirwere uye pedyo nemativi.
- Anesthesia. Muzviitiko zvinyoro, anesthesia haitariswi. Izvo zvinodiwa apo yakadzika uye yakavharidzirwa caries yakabviswa, kurapwa kunosanganisira kuvhara chirwere chinoputika mukati megamu.
- Kugadziriswa kwenharaunda. Kugadziriswa kwenzvimbo dzakakomba uye mishonga iri pedyo inoitwa.
- Isolation. Kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti chisimbiso chinogara kwenguva yakareba sezvinobvira, zvakakosha kubvisa chero unyoro (saliva, mvura kubva mumhepo yakanyoroveswa) kubva pakupinda mazino anoreswa. Pamberi pacho, ikotoni swabs uye gauze zvinoshandiswa zvakashandiswa nokuda kwechinangwa ichi, chakashandiswa munzvimbo yakagadzirirwa. Kurapa kwemazuva ano kwemajeri kunosanganisira kushandiswa kwe cofferdam. Icho chidimbu chekateksi chinopa kuparadzana kwakakwana kwezino.
- Kugadzirira kuiswa chisimbiso. Nzvimbo dzakapoteredzwa dzinorapwa neanoriseptics, iyo enamel inotemwa ne phosphoric acid uye inonamatira. Izvi zvikamu zvekurapa zvinodzivirira hutachiona uye zvinokurudzira kubatana kwakanyanya kwemashoko kumatomu emeno. Apo kushamwaridzana kunotaura uye masvingo emativi akaparadzwa, mazino anovandudza zvakare.
- Kuisa chisimbiso. Inenge yegorosi-ionomeri simenti inowanikwa pasi peganda rakagadzirirwa. A photopolymer material inowanikwa pamusoro, yakasarudzwa nokuda kwemavara chaiwo emazino ane utano hwakanaka. Umwe wega wega unotaridzirwa nemwenje chaiwo, unovimbisa kuoma kwechisimbiso.
- Kupera. Chikamu chokupedzisira chorapa chinodiwa kuti adzorere hutu hwekucheka kwezino uye chimiro chepakutanga. Kupera kunoita kuti rive rakanaka uye rakanaka, sezvakaita enamel.
Mhando dze meno anozadza
Zvinhu zvinotsanangurwa zvinopatsanurwa kuva zvenguva uye zvisingagumi. Muchiitiko chekutanga, dentin inoshandiswa inoshandiswa. Vanovhara danda iro arsenic rinoshandiswa kuti risapindire uye rinobvisa musungo. Pashure pemazuva matatu, chisimbiso ichi chinobviswa uye chimwe chezvisarudzo zvekusingaperi zvinogadziriswa:
- Cement. Zvinodhura, zvinyorwa-nyore-kushandisa zvinhu, zvinokurumidza kupera, zvinonyatsoteerera kumeno.
- Metal. Iyo yakasimbiswa zvikuru, asi yakaoma mumagariro ekuiswa kwezvisimbiso. Mashoko acho haasati ashandiswa mukurapwa nekuda kwekusagutsikana kwepanyama uye maitiro ezvakanaka.
- Purasitiki kana zvikamu. Zvinhu zvisingagumi, zvinosarudzwa nyore nyore nemuvara kune mumvuri wemazino chaiwo. Zvisimbiso zvakadaro zvinogona kunge zvine chepfu, zvinokurumidza kupenya uye kuva pangozi, izvo zvinokonzera kuora kwechipiri.
- Photopolymers. Zvamazuva ano, zvakachengeteka uye zvakagadzikana zvekurapa, zviomesa pasi pesimba remirairo ye ultraviolet. Vongai nemafungiro akanaka kwazvo, zviisimbiso zvakadai zvinogona kushandiswa kuporesa masango pameno ekutanga. Kuwedzerwa kwekugadziriswa kunobhadharwa nehupenyu hurefu hwebasa.
- Depoforez. Pamuromo wemugwagwa wakaratidzwa, hydroxide yemhangura uye calcium inotangwa, ine electrode yakaipa inowanikwa, ine electrode yakanaka inoshandiswa kurama. Mushure mokupa kubudiswa mu 2 mA, ma microorganisms akaparadzwa. Nekubatsira kwekudzivirira, kunyange caries zvinetso zvinorapwa.
- Kuzadza kupisa gutta-percha. Nyaya ine kutonhora kusvika kusvika kune digrii zana inodyidzwa mumugwagwa. Iyo tsvina inozadza matanda ose uye anokurumidza kuoma.
- Cold gutta-percha kuzadza. Chimwechete kana kuti mapepa akasiyana-siyana akaenzana nechimiro chemukati anoiswa muchechi.
- Izvo zviviri-chisimbiso chisimbiso (ne gasket). Nzira ye sandwich mukurapa mazino ndiyo kusanganiswa kwegirasi ionomeramenti simenti (mukati mukati) uye composite (kunze chikamu).
Nhasi nzira dze caries kurapa
Mukufambira mberi kwemazino ekurapa maitiro ehutachiona anotevera anoshandiswa:
Kurapa kwekarivha pasina kukora meno
Pazvikamu zvakaoma zvekugadzirwa kwehutachiona, munhu haagoni kukurumidza nekugadzirira nekubviswa kwemashutu akaoma. Nzira dzakanakisisa dzokuti ungabata sei masango asina kubhadhara:
- laser exposure;
- gel kurapa;
- icon-teknolojia.
Kuchengetedzwa kwemajeri nemarara
Imwe nzira itsva yekubvisa shandiki yakakonzerwa nekubuda. Kurapa kwecaries pasina drilling kunokodzera chete kurapwa kwemaitiro chaiwo echirwere. Kana kuora kwasvika dentin, kusvibiswa kwemalasi hakuzoiti zvinodiwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, zvakakosha kuita mamiriro ekuchengetedza maitiro ekugadzirisa nekugadzirira. Mushure mekurapa kwemalasi, kuzadza kunodiwa.
Mushonga we caries ne gel
Iko-teknolojia yakagadzirwa haisati yatanga kuzivikanwa mune mazinyorero, mushonga wacho wakaongororwa chete mumakonzo. Zvichida, nzira iyi ichabvumira caries kuti ibatwe panzvimbo iyo kana kuti matanho ekutanga ekufambira mberi. Icho chinonyanya kukosha kwehutachiona ndiko kuiswa mukati mharaunda yakakanganiswa yejeri chaiyo ine peptides. Inoshandura genetics yebhakitiriya inokonzera kuora, uye inokonzera kupatsana kwemasero, ayo enamel ane. Somugumisiro, nzvimbo inobatwa nayo inokura.
Icon-teknolojia - kurapwa kwecaries
Iyi nzira yekurapa haisi yekuita zvakanaka pakati nepakati uye zvakadzika maitiro echirwere. Icon teknolojia inogadzira kurapwa kwekamberi yekare apo iri muchitsiko chemavara. Mushure mokucheneswa zvakakwana kwezino rakagadziriswa, iyo enamel inoputirwa nejeri rinogunura rinouraya pathogenic microorganisms. Mushure memaminetsi maviri, mushonga wacho unoshambidzwa uye iyo yakaoma. Pamagadziriro akagadzirwa anopinza Icon inoshandiswa uye iyo inogadziriswa ne ultraviolet inoitwa. Mipata yakasvibiswa yakasimbiswa "inonamirwa" uye dzino dzinozora zino rinodzorerwa.
Prophylaxis ya caries
Kuchengetedza putrefactive zvirongwa munharaunda yemuromo zvakakosha kushanya chiremba wemazino nguva dzose uye kuitisa miongorori yakarongwa, mwedzi 4-6 yese.
Kudzivirira kwakanyanya kwemazino caries:
- zuva nezuva kuchenesa, kanenge kaviri pazuva;
- kudya kwakaringana;
- kuderedza kushandiswa kwezvokudya zve-carbohydrates, sweets;
- kuiswa kwehove uye hove yezvokudya mumvura;
- kunyatsocheka zvokudya;
- kushandiswa kwemiti yemukaka yakaviriswa kana zvinowedzera ne calcium;
- kuporesa panguva yakakodzera zvirwere zvemuromo;
- nguva dzose nyanzvi yekuchenesa mazino (kamwe kamwe mwedzi 6-12);
- muromo unosuka kana kushandisa cheku gum mushure mekudya;
- chigadziro mukudya kwemiti yakagadzirwa nechepasi kana yepamusoro.