Calcium channel blockers

I-calcium ions inokosha zvakanyanya nokuda kwekusungirirwa kwezvinhu zvinotanga kuitika pamusoro pechiso chesero nemaitiro epracellular. Izvi zvinowanikwa kuburikidza neion channels, kuburikidza apo mamwe marudzi eprotein molecule anotsemura nzira ye calcium ions.

Nzvimbo uye nharaunda yezvioni zveioni

Aya mitsara, zvakare, akaparadzaniswa kuva mhando mitatu:

• cytoplasmic;
• sakrolemalnye;
• intracellular.

Nzira dzakawanda dzemakirinium inowanikwa mumutsipa wemwoyo, uye zvakasara zviri mumisumbu mishonga yebronchi, chibereko, maviri, mapuroteni uye maplatelet.

Sezvatotaurwa, calcium ions inobata zvirongwa zvemagetsi mumuviri, zvichiita kuti:

• kuwedzera mukudiwa kweokisijeni;
• kushanda musimba kupesana;
• kuwedzera kunakidza.

Kuti urege kukonzera basa iri mukurapa, zvinodhaka zvinenge zviri zveboka re calcium channel blockers (BCC) kana kuti zvinonziwo slow calcium channel blockers zvinoshandiswa.

Zviratidzo zvekushandisa nekurapa kwekuita kweBPC

Mishonga yekugadzirira ye calcium channel blockers inorayirwa muhupo hwezvirwere zvinotevera:

• hypertension;
• angina pectoris ;
• coronary insufficiency;
• Mutsara we angina ne bradycardia;
• tachycardia;
• moyo rhythm disorder;
• kushungurudzika kwekushandiswa kwemakumbo;
• kukunda kwemoyo weusati warondedzerwa etiology;
• Raynaud's syndrome .

Mukuwedzera, BPC inogona kurongerwa kune zvirwere zvehutachiona hwehutachiona, hutachiona, bronchospasm nezvimwe zvirwere zvinoderedza (chirwere cheAlzheimer, senile dementia, kudhakwa).

Iyo nzira yekuita kwe calcium channel inodzivirira pamuviri inokonzera:

• yakaderera kutsetseka kwemisitema tone;
• kuwedzerwa kwekuyerera kweropa;
• kutengesa kwomwoyo kunopera;
• diuretic effect;
• kuderera kwekukurumidza kwemafupa;
• kuderera muhupamhi hweplatelet aggregation uye nekuvandudzwa kweropa rakagadzirwa.

Kurongwa kwemishonga yemishonga

Calcium channel blockers vane chimwe chikamu uye vakakamurwa kuva:

1. Derivatives de dihydropyridine. Iyi mishonga inobva pane nifepidine. Vane huwandu hwekuwedzera pamidziyo yeuropi (Corinfar, Ardalat, Cordaflex, Lomir, Plendil, etc.).
2. Phenylalkylamine derivatives. Boka re verapamil. Zvinosanganisa kunyanya musimba wemwoyo, kuderedza kushandiswa kwayo. Mhedzisiro yemidziyo yacho haina simba (Isoptin, Prokorum, Finoptin).
3. Benzothiazinine derivatives. Gulu diltiazem. Migumisiro yemishonga iyi yakaderera kupfuura yeboka rokutanga, asi yakagoverwa zvakafanana kumwoyo nemidziyo (Dilsem, Cardil).
4. Derivatives of diphenylpyrazine. Boka re cinnarizine. Kazhinji kazhinji, aya maCCB anorayirwa zvipembenene zvemidziyo yeuropi (Stugeron, Nomigrain).

Mukuwedzera, vose vanovhara zvishoma nezvishoma calcium chiteshi vanoparadzaniswa kuva chizvarwa chekutanga uye chechipiri, uye zvirongwa zve dihydropyridine zvine chetatu. Kusiyana kukuru pakati pezvizvarwa ndiko kuvandudzwa kwemishonga yemishonga uye kuderedzwa kwemigumisiro isina kunaka pashure pokutora mishonga. Uyewo, yechipiri nechetatu-madzera madhiragi anoderedza dhi rezuva nezuva, uye inofanira kushandiswa chete 1-2 nguva pazuva. Kune mavheji e calcium mitsara yezera rechitatu imishonga yakadaro seAmlodipine, Latsidipin, Nimodipine.

Shandisa uye zvinopesana

Kugamuchirwa kweBPC kunogoneka chete mushure mokunge taurirana zvakanyanya ne chiremba uye kuongorora. Muchiitiko chimwe nechimwe, mushonga unorayirwa kuti unokwanisa kubudisa nzira yakanakisisa yekurapa.

Chirwere chimwe nechimwe chine zvinopesana nezvayo, asi kazhinji, hazvibvumirwi kushandiswa apo:

• heart attack;
• cardiogenic shock;
• pamuviri, panguva yekudya;
• childhood;
• kusagadzikana kwevanhu;
• chirwere chepfungwa chinokonzerwa nezvinetso paitsvo uye chiropa.