Zvishamiso zvezvisikwa!
Nzvimbo dzakanakisa zvikuru panyika ndezvechokwadi makomo nemakungwa. Zvisinei, pane dzimwe nguva kunyanya kudururwa kunowedzerwa nemapanga akazara nemvura kana kwete. Ikozvino inounganidza zvibhakane zvinoshamisa zvikuru pamusoro penyika, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zvakawana mukurumbira.
1. Guru Guru Hole, Belize
Imwe yezvidimbu zvakakurumbira zvekuisa diving ndeyeGreen Blue Hole, yakakurumbira neAustralia muongorori Jacques-Yves Cousteau. Ndiye iye akatanga kudzika kusvika pasi pegomba, achiyera yakadzika (120 mamita) uye kuongorora pakadzika purogiramu yemapako ane stalactites makuru. Pakati payo pakadzikidzwa kwemaundi akaenzana nemamita 300 mhete yekarst yakaumbwa munguva yekupedzisira yechando. Pano hapasina makorari nemhando dzinoshungurudza dzeharaki, saka, pasinei nechekure kure nechekubudirira (96 km kusvika kuguta riri pedyo), Great Blue Hole inonyanyozivikanwa pakati pevanhu vanofarira kutamba.
2. Horera Kubwinya, Monticello Dam, California
Dziva reMonticello, rakagadzirwa panzvimbo yeguta rakasvibiswa rine mafashamo, rakakurumbira kwete nekuda kwehukuru hwayo, asi kutanga kune imwe nzvimbo yakakura yepasi pose yekudurura mvura. Kuva nechiyero chemamita 21, inopfuura 1370 cubic metero kwechipiri, zvichibvumira kuchengetedza mvura yakakwana mumwaka wemvura. Pamadzimai zvose zvinogadziriswa kuchengetedzwa kwehutano zvinotorwa kuitira kuti vanhu varege kuzviwana pedo nenheyo.
3. Karst funnel yeGungwa Rakafa, Israel
Kukura kwevanhu uye kukura kwekemikari mishonga ndiyo zvikonzero zvikuru zvekuonekwa kwekukundikana kwakakura pamhenderekedzo yeGungwa Rakafa, munharaunda yeEin Gedi National Park. Panguva ino pane zvinodarika 3 000 chete dzinozivikanwa funnels, uye vangani vavo chaizvo-hapana anoziva. Uyezve, nhamba yavo iri kuramba ichiwedzera. Nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti izvi zvinonyanya kuderera zvakanyanya muzinga reGungwa Rakafa (rinenge 1 m pagore), rinokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, iro guru ndiro iro kushandiswa kukuru kwesimbi rekudyisa gungwa - Jorodhani Rwizi - mukusimudzirwa kwemaodzanyemba ari kumativi ezasi uye senzvimbo huru yemvura yekunwa mune chikamu chakazara nevanhu nyika. Mashizha emvura yakasviba, uye mvura yakachena yepasi inokwira ichibva pasi pakadzika pasi, ichikanganisa marara emunyu, zvichibva pamusana payo inoita pasi pasi, iyo inotungamirira kukundikana. Ukuru hwemamwe mashawi - mune rimwe rudiro rwakadaro runogona kukodzera chivako chine nhurikidzwa masere.
4. "Hero", China
Imwe yenzvimbo dzinofadza zvikuru pasi pano ndechekudarika kukuru kwepanyika kwenyika Tianken Xiaozha, iri mune imwe yenyika dzakapoteredza China. Kuyera kwechidimbu kunoshamisa: 626 m murefu, 537 m muhupamhi, uye kubva 511 kusvika 662 m mukudzika. Pamusoro pezvo, chirongwa chinove nemasvingo makuru, ayo anoshumira sechimwe chiitiko chinokwezva kune vanofambira zvakanyanya. Pane rimwe remadziro edzimba rakagadzirwa makanho, matanho 2800 ayo anotungamirira kusvika pasi. Rwizi rwemhenderekedzo yegungwa rine urefu hwemakiromita 8.5 runomhanya pamwe nechepasi pemumhanzi we karst, unouya kumusoro uko chete pano. Pasinei nokuti "pasi" yakaumbwa makore 129 000 akapfuura yakazivikanwa kune vagari vomunharaunda, masayendisiti uye vanhu vakadzidza kubva kune izvi zvinoshamisa zvezvinhu zvakasikwa muna 1994 panguva yekutsvaga nzvimbo itsva dzekutsvakurudza neBritish speleologists.
5. Kukundikana kweBrimma, Oman
Iyi nzvimbo inoshamisa nekuda kwekunaka kwayo kunoshamisa uye kubwinya, naizvozvo hazvishamisi kuti inokwezva vazhinji vevashanyi. Chimbo chinoshamisa chemakestone chakazara nemvura yakachena yebluish, iyo inogona kuonekwa kunze kwemifananidzo. Vatongi vemunharaunda vakafunga kushandura kukanganisa kuva paki yemvura kuti vakwepedze vatorwa vekune dzimwe nyika uye kune dzimwe nyika kuti vashambire munzvimbo inonakidza.
6. Bingham Canyon, Utah, United States
Zviri nani kuzivikanwa sehomwe yeKennecott yemhangura, iyo yakawanda yekoto yenyika iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kwe Salt Salt City. Kukura kwaro kuri kudengenyeka: anenge 1 km yakadzika uye 4 km paupamhi! Kana zvivako zviviri zveE Empire State Building zvakakanyiridzirwa pamusoro pezvimwe, hazvigoni kusvika kusvika kumusoro kwegomba kubva pasi pegomba. Dhaka, yakawanikwa makore 110 akapfuura, ichiri kushanda, ichipa mashekeri mazana mana ematombo pazuva.
7. Blue Dean Dean, The Bahamas
Nechechipiri yakadzika yebhuruu pasi rose iri pedyo neguta raClarence kuLong Island. Kunyange zvazvo dzakawanda zvezvinhu izvi zvakasikwa zvakadzika anenge mamita 100, bhuu rebhuruu reDean rinodarika iyi parameter kanopfuura kaviri, richidzika pasi 202 m.Inosiyaniswa nechimiro chisina kujairika: ine chiyero che25-35 m pedyo nechokudenga, kuora mwoyo kunowedzera zvikuru uye zvakadzika 20 m inosvika pakureba kwemamiriyoni 100, ichiumba rudzi rwemarara. Inowanikwa pakati pevaya vanoda kudzika-gungwa-diving uye scuba diving, bhuu rebhuruu reDean, zvisinei, rinozivikanwa pakati pevamwe vekune dzimwe nyika: zvinonzi zvisikwa zvaro zvakanga zvisipo pasina masimba akaipa, uye mhando dzakashata dzinogona kuomesa nyore nyore mumvura yakasviba.
8. "Gates of Hell", Turkmenistan
Ichi chikwata, chakafanana nechinzvimbo chemufirimu wekukuvadza, nechitinha chema 60 nekudzika kwema 20 m, chave chiri kupisa kwemakore 45 ikozvino. Izvo zvose zvakatanga muna 1971, apo magweji emagetsi akawana gasi pasi pevhu. Apo kubvongodza kwaitanga, vakukudzi vakauya nechepasi pasi ca cavern, semugumisiro wekuti zvishandiso zvose, kusanganisira kugadzika, zvakawira pasi pasi, uye gaka rakazara negasi rakaumbwa. Nyanzvi dzeGeologist dzakanga dzisingambofungi chero chinhu chiri nani kupfuura chekuisa moto kune gasi kuti ienderere mberi nebasa racho. Zvaifungidzirwa kuti yaizopisa mumazuva mashoma. Zvisinei, yave iine makore makumi mashanu, uye moto hausi kuzopera. Izvo zvose zviso zvekona yacho yakafukidzwa nemarambi emasikisi akasiyana, mamwe acho anosvika 10-15 m.
Muna 2013, muongorori weCanada, George Coronis, akakwanisa kuburukira kumucheto kwechikwata, paakawana mabhakitiriya asingaoneki kune imwe nzvimbo pasi penyika, uye anonyatsonzwa mumoto uyu usina simba.
9. Big Hole, South Africa
Nzvimbo yakakura yepasi rose, yakafurirwa pasina kushandiswa kwemichina, yaiva imwe nzvimbo yakaisvonaka yemadhamondi ye Kimberley, iko zvino yakaneta. Pakazosvika 1866 na1914, vashandi vemigodhi 50 000 vakashaya matani emamiriyoni 22.5 evhu nemafoshoro uye mapikicha, zvichibudisa makirigiramu 2,722 emadhaimani anokwana mamiriyoni 14,5 ematokari. Panguva imwecheteyo, chigadziko chakaita mamita 463 m uye yakadzika 240 mamita yakaumbwa.Zvino pasi yegorosi yakazara nemvura kusvika pakadzika 40 m.
10. "Kukundikana kwaDhiyabhorosi", Texas, USA
Gomba rakadzingwa rinoyera 12 kusvika 18 m rinotanga kupinda kweimba huru pasi iri pasi ichidzika kusvika pakadzika 122 m. Mumubako kune chikoro chemhuka dzinobhururuka zvakaderera pasi pano - mhando dzeBrazilian fold type. Iyi mhuka mishoma inenge masendimita gumi nemashanu uye inorema 15 g chete inogona kukura nekukurumidza kwekufamba kwemaodzanyemba kusvika 160 km / h. Mu "Kukundikana kwaDhiabhorosi" inogara iri mamiriyoni matatu emakororo anoshamisa.
11. Kukundikana kweGuatemal, Guatemala
Muna 2010, mumuguta wenyika - guta reGuatemala - kukurumidza kuwira kwevhu, iyo yakawana firati yematatu matatu uye yakagadzirisa dambudziko kune zvivako zvitsuwa. Chinenge chakakomberedzwa chinenge chakaita mamita makumi maviri nemakumi maviri chakaita mamita anenge 90. Kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvakasikwa uye anthropogenic zvinokonzera kukanganisa kwakadaro kunotyisa: mafashamo anokonzerwa neEnguruwa Agatha, kuputika kwegomo rePapaya pedyo neguta, uye kubhururuka kwekugezera kwemvura.
Kukundikana uku kwakanga kusiri kutanga kwezvinhu zvakadaro muGuatemala. Muna 2007, guta racho rakava nekuputsika kwakafanana kwepasi kusvika pakadzika anenge anenge mamita 100.
12. "Gungwa reMambakwedza", Wyoming, USA
Chinhu chakasviba chakanaka, chando chakazara nemvura inokonzera mvura, yakatumidzwa zita rayo nemhaka yekufananidzwa kwayo nemaruva emucherecheki, ayo muAmerica anonzi "mangwanani kubwinya." Pakutanga, hollow yakanga yakaiswa bhuruu pakati, munzvimbo yakaderera, zvishoma nezvishoma kuchinja kuva yero kune imwe nzvimbo, pamwe chete nepetioles ye convolvulus. Asi munguva ichangopfuura, nekuda kwevashanyi vasina hanya vachikandira mari uye chero marara mumvura, iyo inopa kudya gesi yakave yakavharwa, iyo yakatungamirira kusadzivirirwa kwekuberekwa kwebhakitiriya uye kuchinja kwebhuruu kusvika kune ruvara uye ruvara kune machena. Pedyo nenzvimbo, kunyange chiratidzo nechiyevero pamusoro pekudiwa kwekunyatsocherechedza kwegungwa nekuda kwedambudziko rekuchinja zita kune "rakarasikirwa mukurumbira".