Irethra iri kuenderera mberi kwechidzitiro. Icho chiri munharaunda yekushanduka kwebubudi mukati mekurethra iyo mukati mehombe ye urethra iripo. Iyi sarudzo inoguma nekunze kwekunze kwechiremba, iyo iri pedyo nevanopinda mumukadzi.
Anatomy ye urethra
Madzimai, chimiro cheatomical ye urethra chinoratidzirwa nezvimwe zvakasiyana kubva kune urethra yevarume. Mukadzi wechikadzi anogona kufananidzwa nehuputi shoma. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti chikamu ichi chiri shoma shoma uye chakakura mumamita kupfuura varume.
Irethra inenge yakanyatsovhara shure. Nokudaro, pane kushamwaridzana kwepedyo nehupamhi hwomukati hwechikadzi. Izvo zvinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakadaro zvechimiro chechikadzi chinonzi urethra nezvirwere zvinoputika zvemukadzi kuti dysuric zvinetso zvinowanzokura. Uye, pane zvinopesana, nekuputika mukati mutsva, kune manzwiro ekurwadza uye kuora mwoyo munguva yehukama. Mukuwedzera, iyo inokonzera chirwere chinokonzera utachiona inogona kudarika kubva kumadzimai kusvika kune urethra.
Rusvingo rwechiremba runoumbwa nezvidimbu zvinotevera:
- Mucous membrane, iyo inoumba mapepa uye mairi inowanikwa glands.
- Mutsara unosuruvara unoumbwa nezvikwama zvemasikironi. Nhungamiro yecyidhiya yemunharaunda munharaunda yemukatikati yomukati inogadzira sphincter inobatsira ye urethra, uye panzvimbo yeusrethra kuburikidza nemisungo yechipfuva cheplvicter mafomu anokonzera fhincter.
Mabasa eusrera madiki. Icho chikuru uye chega chebasa reurethra ndechokuwedzera kwemuti kubva mumuviri.
Zvirwere uye hutachiona hwehutachiona
Madzimai, zvirwere zvose zvemuviri zvinogona kugoverwa mumapoka anotevera:
- Zvirwere zvinopisa.
- Congenital defects muchitarisiko chechiremba.
- Kushungurudzika kwebasa rekuisa neuromuscular.
- Urethral kugadzirisa .
- Benign neoplasms (boka iri rinosanganisira paraurethral cysts, polyps).
- Cancer.
Kuvhiringidza kwemukasi membrane kunonzi urethritis. Chikonzero chechiitiko ichi mapoka ezvinyorwa zvinopinda murerera. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana nebasa rehutano hwehutano. Chinhu chinonyanya kukoshesa marwadzo, kunzwa kunopisa uye kugara uchizora.
Nekenza, kuwedzera pakunetseka kwakanyanya uye dysuric phenomena, kune kubuda ropa kubva muchiremba.
Kukuvadza kune sphincter zvombo zvehutachiona uye kuputsa kwehutano hwehutano hunoita kuti kukurudzirwa kwekunyora kusagadzikana.
Anomalies we urethra haawanzoitiki. Asi zvisinei zvakadaro zvakakosha kuyeuka nezvehupenyu hwavo huripo. Dzinosanganisira:
- zvikamu zvekuzvarwa zvakabatana zviri mu lumen ye urethra;
- kuberekwa kwekuzvarwa kwechiremba (iyo inoda kuvhiyiwa mumazuva ekutanga mushure mokuberekwa);
- nzvimbo dzomukati dzomukati mutsva;
- doubta urethra;
- diverticulum ;
- cyst of the urethra
Zvakasiyana, zvakakosha kutaura nezvekuchinja kunoitika nehutachiona hwevakadzi huri pachena. Muhuduku, urethra yakareba (inenge 3 cm), asi sezvainokura, kubwinya kwechiedza chacho kunoderera kusvika 1 cm. Kuumbwa kwe sphincters kunopera chete nemakore gumi nemaviri. Zvimwe zvine chokuita nemakore ehutachire zvinosanganisira kushanduka kwekutsvaga uye kushamiswa kwezvinyorwa zveparaurethral. Izvi zvinokonzera kuchengetedza zvinhu zvinodzivirira urethra kubva kune ingress ye microorganisms.