Munguva yehutaneti neInternet, kutarisira vanhu kwava nyore uye kunogona kudzidzwa. Pane nzira dzaivepo uye dzakabudirira kushandiswa pamambakwedza evanhu, izvo zvakanyatsogadzirirwa pane zvepfungwa uye maitiro evanhu vari mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Vanobatsira kutungamirira muvengi kune mukana iyo manipulator inoda.
Chii chinonzi unyanzvi hwehuwandu?
Izwi rokuti social engineering (SI) rinoreva pfungwa dzakawanda. Yokutanga inobatanidza nehutano hwevanhu uye inoreva nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandura mararamiro evanhu, kupa simba pamusoro pevamwe, zviito zvavo. Iyi nzira inoshandiswa pakuchinja zvivako zvehurongwa, sezvo nzvimbo yakanyanya kuoma pane imwe nzira ndeyevanhu.
Nedzimwe nzira, kushandiswa kwehutano isayenzi, uye mumunda wekuchengeteka kwemashoko, izwi rinoreva nzira dzisiri pamutemo yekuwana ruzivo. Kusvika iye zvino, vanonyengedza vari kushandisa nzira dzinozivikanwa, vachiedza kusvika kune "tidbit" -kuvanzika kana nezvekukosha kwemashoko. Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi21, pfungwa iyi yakakurumbira, kunyange nzira dzokuunganidza chokwadi uye kubata vanhu dzaizivikanwa kare kare nguva yekombiyuta.
Chii chinonzi unyanzvi hwemagariro evanhu?
Nzira yekutungamirira basa inogona kushandiswa kwete nekuda kwezvinangwa zvoudyire (nekuda kwekubiridzira nekunyengedza). Unyanzvi hwemagariro muhupenyu hunoshandiswa kugadzirisa zvinetso mukugadzirwa, munzvimbo yekushamwaridzana kwevanhu. Kugadzira mamiriro akasiyana-siyana, nyanzvi munharaunda iyi vanotarisira zvinganganisa zvikanganiso uye maitiro evanhu. Mabasa anosanganisira nzira dzakadai se:
- kuongorora kwechinhu chebasa;
- kuongorora kwemamiriro ake munezvino uye munguva yemberi;
- kukurudzirwa kweimwe hurongwa hwehurumende;
- zvirongwa zvekufananidzira kwekuvandudzwa kwemamiriro okunze nekunze;
- kushanda kwechirongwa.
Semasayenzi, hupfumi hwevanhu huri kuwedzera mune dzimwe nzira dzinotevera: inobatanidzwa mukuvakwa kwehutano hwehutano (hutano, dzidzo, nezvimwewo), kuumbwa kwemagariro emunharaunda uye emunharaunda, mapoka emagariro nemapoka, uye kuvakwa kwemasangano. Zvechokwadi mune zvehutano zvinogona kuchinjwa uchishandisa nzira dzekufanoona nekufanotaura, kuronga nekugadzirisa.
Unyanzvi Hwevanhu - Psychology
Nzira nemagadzirirwo eSU anokweretwa kubva pakugadzirwa kwepfungwa. Kana tichitaura nezvekushandiswa kwesayenzi nokuda kwezvinangwa zvekunyengera, zvakakosha kunzwisisa vanhu vanovhiringidzirwa nehutano hwehupfumi, kuti izvi zvinotungamirirwa zvakasiyana kubva pakufunga kwepfungwa uye NLP. Munhu akaremara anogona kuva akachenjera uye akadzidziswa kupfuura anorwadza, asi izvi hazvizomubatsiri kuti arege kunyengera. Nzira dzinogara dzichitungamirirwa pakufunga uye mufambiro; vanoita kupfurikidza mupfungwa, njere uye vanoitwa pamwero wekunzwa uye kubviswa kwekutarisa.
Nzira dzekugadzirisa hurumende
Nzira nemagadzirirwo ekugadzirwa kwehupfumi hunobva pane zvikanganiso uye kukanganisa mukuzvibata, kufunga nekuona. Chaizvoizvo, vakapinda mune kushandiswa kwevanhu vanorators kubva kune arsenal yakawanda yemasangano anokosha. Kunyengedza, kutamba pane utera uye psychology - izvi zvose nezvimwe zvakawanda zvinoshandiswa kuwana ruzivo rwakakosha kubva kumunhu. Iwe unogona kudana nzira dzinokosha dzekushamwaridzana "nguva dzose":
- nekukurumidza, kusika nguva yakasara yekudzivisa muvengi wenguva yekufunga uye kuongorora deta;
- kutsamwa nekunyengedza (nechinangwa chimwe chete);
- kunyunyuta uye kusava nehanya (kuitira kuti muvengi ane chido chokuzviruramisa pachake).
Vanhu vanoshandisa nzira dzeSIM vanoramba vachivandudza. Nzira inonyanyozivikanwa yekunyengera kwemazuva ano inonzi phishing (kubva kuChirungu "hove"). Iyi ndiyo tsika yekutumira magwaro ehurumende kuitira kuti abvise dambudziko rinodiwa. Imwe nzira inonyatsozivikanwa inoshandiswa nehuwandu hwemagariro evanhu ndiyo Trojan horse (apo makaro uye chido zvinoshandiswa), kuberekwa patsva kana kuti pamusoro pe quo (munyengeri anofungidzira kuva mumwe munhu), kunyengedza (kukurukurirana pamusoro pezvakagadzirwa script).
Mhando dzehutano hwehupfumi
Zvichienderana netsika yekubatsira pane chinonyengera, SI inoparadzaniswa kuva miviri miviri mikuru: kutungamira uye kushandura kushandiswa kwehutano hwevanhu. Nzira dzekutanga dzakarondedzerwa pamusoro apa, uye muchiitiko chechipiri mutambudzi wacho anotendeukira kubatsiri kune anorwisa. Uyu munhu anomanikidzwa nezviito zvakadaro zvevashandi sekusarura (kuumba kusashandurwa kusinganzwisisiki), panguva yakapiwa zvivako zvekuparidzira uye kupa rubatsiro. Chinangwa chikuru chevanyengeri ndechekumanikidzira chinhu kuti chigoverane nhepfenyuro yayo, kupa ruzivo rwakakodzera, asi nokuda kweizvi zvinokosha kuva nyanzvi yepfungwa.
Unyanzvi Hwevanhu Hwevanhu Vokutanga
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, inyanzvi yekugadzirisa sangano semasayenzi yave ichikudziridza kusimba, ichibvumira kutonga mufambiro wevanhu nekudzivirira muviri, asi yakareba kwenguva yakareba iripo senzira yekuzvidzivirira. Vashandi munharaunda iyi vakabudirira kunyengedza vanhu kwemazana emakumi emakore, uye nguva dzose danda rakaiswa pahupenyu hwevanhu: chido, uremeso, kutya. Kuti urege kuwira mumusungo wezvakaipa, iwe unokwanisa kukwanisa kugadzirisa maitiro ekutanga evashamba uye unonzwisisa kuti ruzivo runowanikwa munharaunda yevanhu rinogona kushandiswa kune avo vakagovana navo.
Unyanzvi hwemagariro mumagariro evanhu
Nekuwedzera kwebasa rekugara mumagariro evanhu muupenyu hwevanhu, nzira dzeSIM dzinoshandiswa kubudirira mavari. Pamasvondo evanhu vanhu vanozvipira kupa chiitiko pamusoro pavo uye vadikanwa vavo, vanozvipira kuonana kunyange nevasingazivi, kunyanya kana vasingaratidzi kuti ivo ndevanaani. Kunongedza nyore nyore kuumba peji yenhema yenhengo ipi neipi ine simba kana kambani inozivikanwa uye nzvimbo yavo "misungo" ikoko. Mukusununguka kunosvika zvinhu zvose zviri pachena, asi hapana chinogona kuongororwa.
Unyanzvi hwemagariro uye fakes nokuda kwebatsiro nekunyengedza zvakajairika mumagariro evanhu. Kune dzimwe nzira dzinobva mukuda kuziva (chido chekuenda kune peji inonakidza, kuedza kuwana zvimwe nezveumwe mushandisi) uye kutya (scammers vanomirirwa nevashandi vezviremera uye vanoda kuti vashandise kubhidhiyo kana kuti vanongopa kuisa antivirus). Kurwisana kwehuwandu hwemagariro evanhu hunobudirira kana munhu anokanganisa achiita asingatyi uye akasvibisa.
Social Engineering uye NLP
Neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) inzira yekushandisa ruzivo rwakabva mumasangano akasiyana-siyana: linguistics, neurology, uye psychology - kuitira kuti tinyengetedze muvengi kuti asarudze "zvakarurama". Kutungamira kwekutya kwematambudziko kunoitika nekubatsirwa kwemashoko emitauro. Nheyo dzehutano hwemagariro evanhu, maitiro ehutano nekutenda zvinotorwa kubva kuNLP. Munhu akabatwa akakanganiswa "munguva chaiye", achida kukurumidza kuita zvisarudzo, achitendeukira kune mafungiro asingazivikanwi evanhu.
Unyanzvi hwemagariro - mari
Kushandiswa kwemaitiro kunounza migumisiro, uye kushandiswa kwevamwe vanhu kunogona kuwana mari yakanaka, asi nzira idzi dzichava dzisiri pamutemo, dzinobatanidzwa nekubiridzira vagari, kusabvumirwa kusina mvumo yekuwana ruzivo uye kugona kune chikwereti chomumwe munhu. Unyanzvi hwemagariro ndeyebasa - pane nzvimbo yekuve, asi sechimiro chevanhu. "Yakasimudza" injini inowanikwa mubhizinesi, hurumende uye mutemo uye kurongeka, mararamiro ehupfumi uye hupfumi. Basa ravo: kugadzirisa hutungamiri, kubatana, kugadzirisa matambudziko anokonzera.
Ubwandisi Hwevanhu - Mabhuku
Nhasi, unyanzvi hwehupfumi hunofadza zvikuru munzanga. Zvinangwa zvinogona kunge zvakasiyana, asi kufarira muhutungamiri nzira inogara ichidziya. Kuti udzidze nzira dzekunyengera uye unyanzvi, iwe unogona kuverenga mabhuku pamusoro pekugadzirisa hutano hwakanyorwa naKevin Mitnick, aichimbova hacker uyo akaputsa mashandiro emashoko emakambani makuru enyika. Aya ndiwo mabhuku akadai se:
- "Unyanzvi hwekunyengedzera" ihurukuro yezvinyorwa zvinoratidzira zvakavanzika zvehutano hwemagariro evanhu.
- "Unyanzvi Hwokupinda" - bhuku rechipiri rehurukuro pamusoro pekurwisa kuburikidza nemakombiyuta.
- "Ghost in the network . " Memoi yepamukuru mukuru "- nhau isina musoro, kuratidza zvakaitika kuna Mitnick.
Munhu wose anogona kudzidza kudzora zviito zvevamwe vanhu uye kushandisa ruzivo rwavo kune zvinangwa zvakanaka. Direct interlocutor nenzira "zvakanaka" - zvirokwazvo nyore uye zvinobatsira, dzimwe nguva kumativi ose, asi zvakakosha kusiyanisa zvimwe zvinogona hackers, manipulators, vanyengeri uye kwete kuwa kwavo chiteyeso. Makore akawanda mubasa SI inofanira kushandiswa kubatsira vanhu.