Chimwe chezvirwere zvakanyanya kufanana nehutachiona muvana ndecheukemia (kenza yeropa kana leukemia). Nechirwere ichi, masero eropa anoderera mumasero anonyangadza, achibva aenda kuhutachiona humatopoietic tissue. Izvozvo zvinoshandiswa kubva pamapfupa emapfupa zvinopinda muropa, zvinokanganisa nhengo dzinokosha (chiropa, spleen, uropi, lymph node). Kuderedza kuwanda kwemasero ezuva ose muropa kunotungamirira kuhutachiwana hwehutachiwana, kuderedza kusapinda kwehutachiona, kuwedzera kubuda ropa, kukura kwezvirwere.
Zvikonzero zvinokonzerwa neukemia muvana
Kuda kupindura zvisina kufanira pamubvunzo wakaoma kunzwisisa "nei vana vanotambura neukemukemia" hazvigoni kuvapo. Maererano nedzidziso imwechete, chikonzero chekuvandudzwa kwechirwere chacho chingava kuputsa kwekuumbwa nekugadzirisa kwema cell medullary.
Kazhinji munharaunda yengozi ndivo vana vane:
- kuvepo kwezvirwere zvemafi;
- congenital disorders of the immune system;
- hama dzepedyo (kunyanya mapatya) avo vairwara neukemia;
- kutsvaga chemotherapy, radiation, kana kusangana nebenene;
- kuora mwoyo kudzvinyirirwa kwezvirwere zvemuviri, paunotora mishonga.
Mhando dzeukemia muvana
Kazhinji kazhinji, vana vanokura muropa achirwa neukemia, isingaperi yeukemukari muvana inonyanya kushoma. Mukuwedzera, imwe chimiro hachipindi mune imwe, nokuti chimiro choga chechirwere chinotsanangurwa nemhando yemasero anoshata.
- acute lymphoblastic leukemia inowanikwa mumashure matatu emakumbo eropa revana muvana;
- acute myeloblastic leukemia ndiyo yechipiri inowanzoitika kune vana;
- yakasanganiswa neukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia inowanzosangana nevana.
Zviratidzo zvehutachiwana mumwana
- kubuda uye kupwanya pasina chikonzero;
- kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri pasina chikonzero;
- chimiro che dyspnea kana chifuva;
- kupisa kweganda neganda;
- misoro, kutadza kuona uye kuenzanisa;
- kurasikirwa nechido uye kusaremekedzwa;
- kuonekwa kwechikafu paganda uye kuzvimba mumimba, kugomera, mutsipa.
Pakuonekwa kwezviratidzo zvekutanga zvechirwere, iwe unofanira kubva watanga kubvunza chiremba, nokuti kuonekwa kwakakodzera kwechirwere uye kutanga kwekurapa kunowedzera mikana yekuzorora zvakakwana.
Kuongororwa kunoitwa kuburikidza nekuongorora ropa rose, marora maropa, chirwere chemusana.
Kurapa kweukwepa muvana
Imwe nzira yehutano hwehutano inotsanangurwa nachiremba anoenderana nerudzi rweukwepa uye chirwere chacho. Kakawanda musati maitwa kurapa kwechirwere ichi, kurapwa kwehutachiona uye mamwe mhando dzezvinetso zvechirwere zvinoitwa. Munguva yekurapa, mwana achafanirwa kuramba ari oga zvakakwana kubva pakusangana nenyika yekunze kuitira kuti asabvisa zvirwere nezvirwere zvinotapukira. Kakawanda, senzira yekudzivirira, antibiotics inorayirwa.
Kurapa kwechirwere ichi chinangwa chekudzivisa kukwidziridzwa kwekufema masero uye kuparadzwa kwavo kuitira kuti vadzivise kupinda muropa. Izvi zvinoshamisa zvakaoma, nokuti kana paine kusviba imwe chete yakasara muropa, chirwere chinopfuurira ne simba idzva.
Nzira yakakosha yekurapa leukemia is chemotherapy, iyo inogona kuitwa intravenously, intramuscularly, kupinda muchengeti yemvura uye mune mahwendefa. Radiation therapy inoshandiswawo kuparadza masero ekenza uye kuderedza ukuru hwemakumbo emakumbo.
Sechiyeuchidzo chechirwere ichi chakakosha kuongororongedzwa nguva dzose nevanyanzvi uye kutora maitiro ekudzivirira ma laboratory. Muvana vakapora kubva muukemukari, zvakakosha kuita chirwere chekare chinorwisa. Nguva dzose kuongorora kweropa revana kunokosha. Mushure mekuporesa varwere havakurudzi kutamira kune dzimwe mamiriro ezvemamiriro ekunze, uyewo muviri wepotheotherapy zvinopesana.