- Tsamba: Ülikooli 18 50090 Tartu, Estonia;
- Muvambi: Hermann Buksgewden;
- Nguva yebasa: cf. - Sun. kubva 11:00 kusvika 17:00;
- Telefonhare : +372 737 5674;
- Website: muuseum.ut.ee.
Mugumo weDome Cathedral, uri muguta reEstonia yeTartu , iyo ndiyo yakagadziriswa yakagadziriswa, yakasiyana uye inosuruvara. Chivako chakavakwa muMiddle Ages hachina kushandiswa nekuda kwechinangwa chayo. Basa rokudzorera rakabata chete chikamu chiduku chekare chakanga chakanaka kuvaka. Iye zvino mune iyi chikamu ndiyo musamuziyamu weYunivhesiti yeTartu.
Nhoroondo yezvinoitika
Dhedheni yeDome yaPeter naPauro yakavakwa pane imwe nzvimbo inokosha-chikomo chiri pedyo neEmajõgi River. Kubvira kare kare maiva nekusimbiswa kwevahedheni veEstonia, asi muna 1224 chivakwa chekutanga chakanga chakaparadzwa neVaLidonian vakunda. Kuti uzvisimbise pachake panyika yakakundwa, magetsi akadzika kuvaka nhare, iyo yaizova nzvimbo yebhapishopu, Castrum Tarbatae.
Zvose zvakasara zvechivakwa ichi ndezvasara zvemasvingo, izvo vanochera matongo vanowana nekuda kwekuchera. Chikamu chechipiri chezana remakore rechi13 chakaratidzwa nekutanga kwekuvakwa kwechechi yeGothic pane imwe hafu yegomo. Kurutivi rwayo makomba uye zvivako zvepurazi zvakaonekwa. Dare rekereke rakagadzwa mukukudza kwaVatendi Petro naPauro, avo vaimbova vatariri veguta.
Icho chivakwa chakava chivako chikuru chechitendero muEastern Europe, pamwe chete nechepakati pebhishopi yeDorpatian. Kutanga, Dhedheni yeKedhedral (Tartu) yakavakwa nenzira yevasisi, asi nekufamba kwenguva, chivako chikuru chakabatanidzwa nemakashaya, uye chimiro chakava chakafanana neimba yechechi.
Zvinyorwa zvekutanga zvakaratidzwa kare muna 1299, uye shure kwemazana maviri emakore kereke yaive yakashongedzwa nemakorositi epamusoro, mapuranga nemasvingo. Zvose zvavo zvakaitwa nenzira yezvidhinha Gothic. Pakupedzisira, shongwe mbiri dzakaonekwa, imwe neimwe mamita 66, imwe neimwe kumativi echokumadokero. Basa rokuvaka rakapedzwa pakupera kwezana remakore rechina, apo rusvingo rwakagadzirwa, kuparadzanisa hugaro hwebhishop kubva kune rimwe guta rose.
Iyo kereke yakakwira sei pakuora
Kuparadzwa kwechivako kwakatanga nekuda kweKushandurwa, panguva iyo kereke inopikiswa nevaProtestant iconoclasts. Mushure mekupedzisira mubhishopi weKaturike akatumirwa kuImambo weRussia, kereke yekereke haina kuzoshanda, yakaparadzwa, seguta rose, munguva yeRivonian War.
Kuedza kuvakazve chimiro chakanga chaitwa neKaturike, asi ndima yacho yaiva pasi pekutonga kwePoland, asi izvi zvakadziviswa nehondo neSweden. Pashure pemoto, izvo zvakaitika muna 1624, chivako chacho chakanyanya kuparadzwa. Kereke iyi yakave yakaitwa matongo apo ndima yacho yakapfuura kuSweden muna 1629.
Vakuru vakuru vekushandisa vakashandisa chete mumakuva kusvikira muzana remakore rechigumi nemana, uye zvivako zvepurazi zvakasara zvakashandurwa kuva dare. Uyezve, kureba kwemasvingo kwakashandurwa kusvika mamiriyoni makumi matanhatu, kusvika kumusoro apo zvigadziri zvakasungwa, uye suo guru rakapera. Zvose izvi zvakaitika muna 1760.
Mushure mekuvhura kweYunivhesiti yeDorpat pamatongo echechi yeRoma, mabhuku matatu emakamuri akavakwa, akagadzirwa nemuvakirisi Krause. Aivawo nechinangwa chekushandura imwe shongwe munzvimbo yekucherechedza. Zvisinei, izvi zvakanga zvisingafanirwi kuti zviitike, saka kuongorora kwakavakwa kubva pakutanga.
Mumakore akatevera, raibhurari yakawedzera zvikuru, uye chivakwa chacho chakanga chakagadzirirwa kupisa mukati. Zvishoma nezvishoma chivako chakashandurwa kuva museum yunivhesiti, iyo inochengetedza mazana ezviitiko zvakasiyana.
Kune vashanyi pamashoko
Gomo apo Dome Cathedral iripo yakashandurwa ikava paki apo vatashanyi vanogona kuva nechingwa muzvinyorwa zvekudya zvepaguru, uyewo vanofamba pamwe chete uye vanoyemura zvivako kune vamwe vanhu vakakurumbira. Kubva kuKathedral kwaive nechitarisiko chekucherechedza, apo vose vanofamba vachinge vasimuka.
Kuti uite izvi, zvakakwana kutenga tiketi yekupinda uye kukunda makera, ayo, kusiyana nemamwe nzvimbo dzakadaro, yakanyatsonaka. Panzira yepamusoro vakakokwa vane maonero akanaka emuvanze emukati chechechi, uye vanogonawo kuongorora mukati mechechi. Kubatsira kuita pfungwa pamusoro peKathedral of Dome, iyo inogona kuonekwa musati yashanyira.
Kuva muTartu , vatashanyi vose vari kutsvaga kuti Dhedheni yeDome iri kupi. Inowanikwa pamusoro pegomo reToomemyagi munzvimbo yepamusoro yeTartu, paLossi Tanav Street, 25. Asi tinofanira kuyeuka kuti kana tikashanyira kereke yakakura inotanga kuzarirwa muzhizha chete. Iyo shongwe inogona kukwira kana iwe uchizosvika munguva kubva munaEpril kusvika kuNovember.
Kune nhoroondo dzakawanda dzakabatana neDome Cathedral. Mumwe wavo anotaura nezvemhepo yemusikana muduku akavakirirwa mumadziro etemberi. Mugore Idzva, anofamba-famba achitsvaga kereke uye anotarisa mumwe munhu waunogona kutora boka rekiki raanogara achitakura naro. Mukuwedzera, zvinotendwa kuti mweya unogona kutaura pamusoro penzvimbo iyo pfuma iri pane rimwe zuva. Zvisinei, zuva ripi ndiro izvi, hapana anoziva.
Nzira yekuenda seiko?
Iwe unogona kusvika kuDome Cathedral nebhazi, iwe unofanirwa kuenda pane imwe yenzvimbo dziri pedyo: "Raeplats", "Lai" uye "Näituse".