Rwiyo rwemazana emakore akapfuura haruzi kuparadzirwa nemasiterendi emazuva ano, asi anorarama mumabhuku ekare nemamyuziyamu. Havasisiri kutamba, asi vamwe vanhu vachiri kuyeuka zviridzwa zvemimhanzi zvakanganwa nehupfumi.
Isu tose tinoziva kuti piano, piano, hwamanda, gitare ye violin uye drum rinotarisa uye rwiyo. Uye "ambuya" uye "sekuru" vakatarisa sei uye vakanzwika sei? Hatigone kutamba mheremhere yeimba yekare, asi tichakuudza nezvemidziyo yekare.
1. Regai
Kunyange muGirisi yekare, zviridzwa zvemimhanzi zvakasikwa izvo pakupedzisira zvakawana kutarisa kwekare uye zvakazova hwaro hwekusika kwemazuva matsva emazuva ano. Lira - chiridzwa chinonyanya kuimbwa mumhanzi panguva yekufambiswa kweAkare yeGreek. Kutaura kwokutanga kwemubhadharo kunotanga kusvika 1400g. BC. e. Chirongwa ichi chave chichionekwa neApollo, sezvinonzi rwiyo rwekutanga rwakaratidzwa kwaari neHermes. Uye iye akatinhira, achifamba netsamba dzakanaka. Nhasi havatambi pamhanzi, asi izwi rokuti "lyric" rakasisa chigadzirwa ichi.
2. Cifara
Zvakakodzera kufungisisa chimwe chezviridzwa zvokutanga zvetambo uye inoburitsa zvakananga yembira. Vaimbi vane cithara mumaoko avo vairatidzirwa pamari yekare, frescoes, ivhu rembodhi nemifananidzo. Ichi chiridzwa chakakurumbira zvikuru muPezsia, India neRoma. Zvinosuruvarisa, hazvigoneki kunyatsobudisazve inzwi re cithara, asi nekuda kwezvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvakavakwa zvakare.
3. Citra
Ichi chiridzwa chine tambo chakachekwa chakanyanya kushandiswa muAustria neGermany muzana remakore rechi18. MuRussia, yakaonekwa muchikamu chechipiri chezana remakore rechina. Zvimwe zviridzwa zvakasangana pakati pevanhu veChina uye Middle East.
4. Harpsichord
Chimbo chinonzi pinched keyboard, icho chakawana mukurumbira wakawanda muMiddle Ages. Ruzivo rwekutanga pamusoro pe harpsichord rwakadzoka kusvika muna 1511. Chimbo chakasiyana-siyana chebasa reItaly che1521 chakagara kusvikira nhasi. Kunze kwekunze, madimbwa akabuda zvakanaka zvikuru. Muviri wavo wakashongedzwa nemifananidzo, inlays uye zvakavezwa. Zvisinei, pakupera kwemakore ekuma1800 harpichord yakatsiviwa ne piyano, yakatorwa uye yakakanganwa zvachose muzana remakore rechi19.
5. Clavecord
Chimwe chezviridzwa zvekare zvekuimba-kunyorera zviridzwa. Kunze kwaive kwakangofanana nehadhipihord, asi yakanga ine simba rine simba. Clavicord, yakasikwa muna 1543, nhasi iri musamuziyamu yemitengeranwa muguta reLeipzig muGermany. Vanyori vakakurumbira zvikuru John Sebastian Bach, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart naLudwig van Beethoven vakasika mabasa mazhinji akanyanya kunyorwa nokuda kwechivicvichord.
6. Harmonium
Iyi tsanga yakafanana nemhepo yakagadzirwa nemitambo yemitambo yebhodhi yakakurumbira zvikuru pakupera kwezana remakore rechina. Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva ainzi "nhengo". Musiki we haronium ndiFrance anonzi Deben, uyo akagamuchira pepa yekugadzirwa kwechiridzwa muna 1840. Nhasi haronium inogona kuonekwa mumamyuziyamu chete.
7. Bilo
Chimbo chekare cheSlavic chiridzwa. Yakanga yakagadzirwa nesimbi, yakarohwa nemarlet. Bilo yakashanda sechechi yekereke uye chiridzwa chechiratidzo cheVatendi Vakare.
8. Buzzer
Iko huru yekushandisa yeRussia mabhuo ekutanga kweMiddle Ages. Kunze kwakange kwakafanana zvikuru ne violin uye yaifungidzirwa kuti ndiyo yainzi Slavic. Runyanga rwuri chigadziko chemapuranga chine mapuranga akafanana nemapuranga matatu.
9. Gumbo reruwa
Ichi chiridzwa chemitambo yekomba chakaonekwa muCentral Europe muzana remakore rechigumi nematanhatu. Pakutanga, pakutamba pairi lira rakasungwa, vanhu vaviri vaida, sezvo kiyi dzakanga dziri pamusoro. Mumwe akanyengedza peni, uye wechipiri akaimba rwiyo. Gare gare makiyi akaiswa pasi apa. MuRussia, yekutanga mavhiri yakanyatsooneka muzana remakore re XVII. Vanhu vachiridza chiridzwa ichi vakaita ndima dzeMweya nemifananidzo yebhaibheri.
10. Kobza
Chiukreniya chiridzwa chine tambo chiridzwa chine tambo. Zvinotendwa kuti kobza yakaunzwa kuUkraine nemarudzi eTurkic, asi yakawana mafomu ekupedzisira munyika idzi. Mufananidzo wemutambi weKoza, uyo akaperekedza rwiyo rwake-pfungwa nokutamba pa kobza, akafira mumabasa ake T.Shevchenko. Kobza yaiva chido chaidiwa neChrase Cossacks uye vagari vemo, asi mushure mema 1850 yakatsiviwa ne bandura.
11. Dhiyabhorosi
Mheremhere yemvura inonguva yakawanda chiridzwa chinyorwa chekare chakashandiswa neva shamans veSouth neNorth America kutonga mvura inonaya. Akanyatsojekesa manzwiro emvura kana mvura inonaya. Pakutanga wakashanda senhumbi yechitendero mumitambo yekare yeAborigines vemo. Nhasi, rheinist anoita sewadi yeimba kubva negodo uye kutsamwa.
12. Calimba
Chimbo chekare chekuimba mumarudzi eAfrica. Nhasi, mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeCentral neAkumaodzanyemba kweAfrica, inoshandiswa mumitambo yemitambo. Kalimbu inonzi "African hand pianoforte".
13. Nyoka
Ichi chigadzirwa chaizivikanwa muzana remakore rechi16. kunyange pasi pezita rimwe - zinc, iyo chaizvo "sekurukuru" yezviridzwa zvemhepo. Yakagadzirwa naMudzimai weFrance Edm Guillaume. Nyoka igomba rakakomberedzwa rinotarisa zvikuru senyoka. Vakagadzira chigadziko kubva pamatanda kana pfupa, vachifukidza chigadziko nematehwe. Dzimwe nguva nheyo yenyoka yakagadzirwa nenzira yemusoro wepamusoro.
14. Nyanga Orchestra
Muna 1752, St. Petersburg akagadzira chigadziri panzvimbo yeimba yose yemitambo, iyo yaive nemakondohwe ekuvhima 40-80, rimwe nerimwe raive rakanyatsogadziriswa uye rakarongedzwa kuti rive rakasiyana. Zvinonzwisisika kuti zviyero apa zvakakosha: runyanga rukuru rwuri pasi, uye runyanga ruduku rwuri runyoro rwemusoro.
15. Ionica
Kusvikira munguva pfupi yapfuura, chiridzwa ichi chemimhanzi chaive chikamu chechikamu chero chipi zvacho chekushandisa-chechi. Ionika chiratidzo chezviridzwa zvemagetsi zvakabudiswa muGDR muna 1959. MuSoviet Union, izwi rokuti "ionics" raishandiswa maererano nezvose zviduku zvidhinyi midziyo. Nokufamba kwenguva, yakashandurwa ne-transistors, iyo yakanga yakavimbika zvikuru.