Zvirwere zvepfungwa munyika yemazuva ano hazvishamisi uye mamiriro acho ezvinhu ndeokuti pane ose ma syndromes matsva asina kudzidza nesayenzi. Kufungidzira kufungidzira, tsika dzisina kunaka, kuonda kwezvinhu zvepanyama - zvose izvi zvinokonzera zvirwere zvemweya zvinongova chidimbu chechando.
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvepfungwa?
Chirwere chepfungwa kubvira kare kare chinowanzoti chirwere chemweya. Izvi zvirwere zvinopesana zvakananga nehutano hutano hwepfungwa uye kushanda kweumwe munhu. Nzira yechirwere ichi inogona kuva nyore, saka munhu anokwanisa kazhinji kuva munzanga, mumatambudziko akakomba - munhu wacho "akagezwa" zvachose. Dambudziko repfungwa rakaipisisa (schizophrenia, kuurayiwa, kunwa doro mumusero wekudzivirira chirwere) kunotungamirira ku psychosy, apo murwere anogona kuzvikuvadza iye nevamwe.
Mhando dzehutano hwepfungwa
Kurongwa kwezvirwere zvepfungwa kunowanikwa nenzira yemapoka maviri makuru:
- Kusagadzikana kwepfungwa zvinokonzera - zvinokonzerwa nekunze kwezvinhu zvinoshungurudza, kazhinji mafuro ( schizophrenia , bipolar disorder, Parkinson's disease, senile dementia, zvinetso zvehutano hwemakore).
- Zvimwe zvirwere zvepfungwa (kushandiswa kwekunze kwezvinhu - craniocerebral trauma, zvirwere zvakanyanya) - maitiro epfungwa dzakagadzikana, neuroses, zvinetso zvekuita.
Zvinokonzera chirwere chepfungwa
Dambudziko repfungwa dzinowanzove rakadzidzwa nevanyanzvi, asi dzimwe nguva rinoramba rakaoma kuziva chikonzero cheizvi kana kupotsa, asi kazhinji pane zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvepanyama kana zvipingamupinyi zvekukura kwechirwere ichi:
- nzvimbo yakashata;
- hutano;
- kutadza kubata pamuviri;
- craniocerebral trauma;
- mwana anoshungurudzwa muhuduku;
- neurointoxication;
- kukuvara kukuru kwepfungwa.
Matenda epfungwa ane nhaka here?
Mishonga yakawanda yemapfungwa yakagara nhaka, inotarisa kuti pane nguva dzose inogadziriswa, kunyanya kana vabereki vose vane zvirwere zvepfungwa mumhuri, kana kuti vakaroorana pachavo vanorarama zvakanaka. Matambudziko epfungwa:
- schizophrenia;
- bipolar disorder;
- kuora mwoyo;
- kuora mwoyo;
- Chirwere cheAlzheimer;
- schizotypic disorder.
Zviratidzo zvehutano hwepfungwa
Kuvapo kwezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinokubvumira kufungira munhu ane chirwere chisina kunaka ne psyche, asi kungobvunzurudza zvakakodzera uye kuongororwa nenyanzvi kunogona kuratidza chirwere kana unhu hunhu. Zvinowanzoonekwa zvirwere zvepfungwa:
- zvinyorwa zvekuongorora uye zvinoonekwa;
- delirium;
- dromomania;
- nguva yakareba yekuora mwoyo, kudzivisa kwevanhu;
- untidiness;
- kudhakwa uye kushandisa zvinodhaka;
- utsinye nekuzvidzivirira;
- chido chekukuvadza muviri;
- autoaggression;
- emasculation;
- kuputsa kwechido.
Kurapwa kwezvirwere zvepfungwa
Zvirwere zvepfungwa - iri chirwere chekurwara, chinoda kurapwa kwechiremba zvisingaiti kune zvirwere zvepanyama. Dzimwe nguva kungosarudzwa kwakakwana kwemishonga, kana kuti psychotherapy inobudirira, inobatsira kunonoka kuora kweunhu huri maitiro akaoma echichichiphrenia, kuora mwoyo. Zvirwere zvepfungwa, drug therapy:
- Neuroleptics - kuderedza pfungwa dzepfungwa dzinokanganisa, utsinye, kushushikana (aminazine, sonapaks);
- runyararo - kuderedza kuzvidya mwoyo, kunatsiridza kurara (fenozepam, buspirone);
- zvinodzvinyirira - kushandura pfungwa dzepfungwa, kuvandudza mafungiro (miracetol, ixel).
Hypnosis Mushonga wezvirwere zvepfungwa
Kurwara kwepfungwa kunowanzobatwa pamwe nekubatsirwa ne hypnosis . Kuvhiringidzika kwehutachiona hwekuporesa ndeyekuti chidiki chepakati pevarwere vanorwara mupfungwa vanofungidzira. Asi pane zviitiko zvinobudirira zvekugara kwenguva refu mushure memazuva mashoma ekugadzirisa zvirwere, zvinokosha kuyeuka kuti zvirwere zvepfungwa zvakadai sechichizophrenia uye chirwere chekushaya mungozi hazviponi, saka kurapa kwakachengetedza ndiyo inonyanya kukosha, uye hypnosis inobatsira kuwana mune zvisinganzwisisiki dambudziko rekare uye "kunyorazve" nguva yezviitiko, izvo zvichabatsira zviratidzo.
Kuremara kwehutano hwepfungwa
Kuipa kwepfungwa uye zvirwere zvakanyanya kukanganisa basa rebasa romunhu, maonero ake enyika ari kuchinja, achidzika mukati make uye kushandura. Murwere haakwanisi kurarama hupenyu hwakakwana, saka zvakakosha kuongorora sarudzo yakadai sekuremara nekugadzwa kwezvipo. Ndezvipi zvirwere kuremara kwakagadzirirwa kurwara kwepfungwa, urongwa:
- kuora mwoyo;
- schizophrenia;
- dementia;
- Chirwere cheAlzheimer;
- Chirwere chePasinson;
- dementia;
- zvakanyanya dissociative person disorder;
- bipolar affective disorder.
Kudzivirira kwehutano hwepfungwa
Kushungurudzika kwepfungwa kana zvirwere zvinowanda kuwanda nhasi, saka nyaya dzekudzivirira dziri kuwedzera kukurumidza. Zvirwere zvakabatana nemapfungwa - ndeapi matanho anokosha kutora kuitira kuti kudzivirira kukurudzirwa kwechirwere kana kuti kuderedza kuparadza kwekuratidzira kwave kuchifambira mberi? Utano hwepfungwa uye hutano hwepfungwa ndezvimwe zvezvinhu zvinotarisirwa kutsigira hutano hwepfungwa:
- sangano rakarurama rebasa, zororo;
- mitoro yakakwana yepfungwa;
- kuziva panguva yakakodzera kushungurudzika, neurosis, kuzvidya mwoyo;
- chidzidzo chevana vavo;
- kuronga kwekuita pamuviri.
Chirwere chepfungwa chisina kujairika
Manic-depressive psychosis, schizophrenia, epilepsy - vazhinji vakanzwa nezvekusawirirana uku, asi kune zvirwere zvepfungwa zvisingaiti zvekare:
- bibliomania - obsession pamwe nekuwana mabhuku nemumwe munyori uye yose kuparadzirwa kwebhuku;
- fungidzira inofungidzira - chido chisingadzorwiki chekureva nhema, nyora pamusoro pawo pachavo nyaya;
- coronary syndrome kana genital traction syndrome - murwere anogutsikana kuti mazamu ake anenge asina kukodzera kutorwa mumuviri, uye kana rufu ruchiwedzerwa zvachose - munhu anorega kurara, anotarisa penis;
- delirium Kotara - munhu ane chirwere ichi anogutsikana kuti akafa kana kuti haapo, murwere angafunga kuti nhengo dzake dziri kuparara uye mwoyo haurohwi;
- prosopagnosia - munhu anongororwa mumamiriro ezvinhu, asi haanzwisisi uye haazivi chiso chevanhu.
Zvivaraidzo vanotambura nehutano hwepfungwa
Kuwedzerwa kwezvirwere zvepfungwa kana kushungurudzika hakusi kuonekwa - nokuti nyeredzi dzose dziripo, kuvanza zvinhu zvakadai nokuda kwevakakurumbira hazvisi chinhu chakareruka, uye kunyange vanhu vanozivikanwa vanosarudza kutaura pachena pamatambudziko avo, vachikwezva. Vanotarisa vane maitiro akasiyana-siyana epfungwa:
- Britney Spears . Maitiro uye zviito zveBritain "zvakabvisa chigamba" hazvina kukurukurwa kunze kwekuti ine usimbe. Kuedza kuzvidzora, kuveura misoro yemusoro - zvose izvi zvinokonzerwa nekudengenyeka kwepaspartum uye bipolar personality disorder.
- Amanda Bynes . Nyeredzi yakajeka yekunonoka kwema 90. Iyo yezana remakore rapfuura kamwe-kamwe yakanyangarika kubva pazvikwangwani. Kushandisa zvakanyanya doro uye zvinodhaka kwakava kutanga kwekuvandudza sanozofrenia.
- David Beckham . Ikobhokisi yebhokisi inotambura kusagadzikana-kusagadzikana kwepfungwa. Kuna Dhavhidhi, kurongeka kwakajeka kunokosha uye kana nzvimbo yezvinhu ichichinja mumba make, izvi zvinokonzera alarm yakasimba.
- Steven Fry . Mutauro weChirungu kubva mudiki achiri kutambudzika, pfungwa yokusava nemafungiro, achiedza kuzviuraya kazhinji, uye makumi matatu chete, Steven akawanikwa ane bipolar disorder.
- Herschel Walker . Makore mashomanana adarika, muAmerica mutambi wenhabvu akaonekwa kuti ane dissociative disorder (kuparadzaniswa) kwemunhu. Gerchel kubva pakuyaruka akanzwa humwe humwe hupenyu uye kwete kushaya mapenzi akatanga kuwedzera unhu hwakaoma, hunotungamirira humwe hutongi.
Mafirimu nezvezvirwere zvepfungwa
Maitiro ekusawirirana kwehutano nguva dzose anofadza uye anotarisirwa ne cinema. Zvirwere zveeuropsychiatric zvakafanana neminzira yemweya - zviito, zvinangwa, zviito, chii chinokurudzira vanhu vane psychopathology? Firimu nezvekusava nepfungwa:
- " Mifungo Mitambo / Mwoyo Wakanaka ." Nyanzvi nyanzvi yemasvomhu John Forbes Nash inotanga kuitika zvisinganzwisisiki, inotaura pafoni nemusingazivikanwi weCIA agent, inoiisa munzvimbo inobvumirana yekunyora. Nokukurumidza zvinosvika kuti kusangana neCIA ndicho chibereko chekufungidzira kwaJohn uye zvinhu zvakanyanya kuoma - sanozofrenia paranoid ine maonero anoona uye anoongorora.
- « Island of the Damned / Shutter Island ». Mhepo inosuruvara yemufirimu inoenderera kusvika pamagumo ekufungidzira. Mufambisi wechibhadharo Teddy Daniels neshamwari yake Chuck vanosvika kune chitsuwa cheShatter, uko kune chipatara chepfungwa chinonyanya kuzivikanwa mukurapa zvikuru kunyanya varwere mupfungwa. Kubva kuchipatara, Rachel Solando, muurayi wevana, anonyangarika uye basa revatsigiri ndekutsvaga izvi zvichinyangarika, asi panguva yekutsvaga madhimoni emukati aTeddy Daniels anoratidzwa. Iyo firimu inoratidza kubudiswa kwemunhu ane schizophrenia.
- " Mazvarirwa Akazvarwa Vaurayi ." Mumwe murume nemudzimai veMickey naMellory vanofamba-famba vachipfuura mushure meUnited States mushure mavo. Nemafirimu anonyadzisa anofananidzira kusawirirana kwehutano hwevanhu.
- " Kufarira Kwavakafa ." Ndezvipi zvinogona kutungamirira kushushikana kwenguva pfupi pamapera evhiki nechinhu chakakosha, kutambura pamiganhu yehutano hwehutano? Upenyu hwose hwaDan hunobuda pamugwagwa mushure mokutengesa: Alex anonakidza akazova munhu anonyengera uye anotyisidzira kuzviuraya kana Dan asingaendi naye, anobata mwanakomana wake.
- " Upenyu Hweviri / Kushushikana Pfungwa ." Marta, chirikadzi ine vana vaviri, anorarama hupenyu huri mune rimwe guta reFrance, rinotarisana nevana, kurima uye rinonyora kuverenga kwemagazini. Zvose zvinoshanduka usiku, apo Marita anongororwa muchiroto - kune humwe hupenyu hunojeka, uko iye ari mavara akanaka Marti, mutungamiri wesangano renyorwa. Vose vari vaviri: chaiye uye zvinhu zviri kuitika mukurota zvakapindirana, uye Marita haakwanise kuparadzanisa apo chokwadi chiripo, uye kuti kurota kwacho chii. Iyo heroine inotambura ne dissociative personality disorder.