Mavhiki angani 2 ari kuongorora kuve nepamuviri?

Iko rudzi rwekuongorora kuongororwa, kufanana nekuongorora, kwave kuchangobva kutanga munyika dzeSoviet. Zvisinei, nekuda kwehupamhi hwekudzidzisa uye husingaverengeki tsvakurudzo yekutsvakurudza, ikozvino yava kushandiswa zvikuru. Nekubatsira kwekuongororwa uku, vanachiremba vanokwanisa kusimudzira mapoka emagetsi ekuvandudzika kwezvinetso zvingangogumira kwete kungoita gemhe pachako, asiwo kumusana kwechecheche. Funga nezvekuongororwa mune zvakawanda uye uone kuti mavhiki akawanda sei pamuviri wechipiri tsvakurudzo yakadaro inoitwa.

Ndeipi nguva inowanzoongororwa?

Kutanga, inofanira kunzi kuti kwekutanga kokutanga mukadzi ari kuongorora zvakadaro kwenguva pfupi, masvondo 12-13. Panguva ino, vanachiremba vanokwanisa kusimudzira kupesana mukukudziridzwa kwenhengo uye maitiro. Kana tichitaura nezvemavhiki mashoma sei kuongorora, ipapo nguva yakakwana yadzo ndeye masvondo 16-20. Kazhinji inorayirwa mukati memavhiki 17-19. Aya ndiwo mazwi ayo vanachiremba vanoshevedzera pavanopindura mubvunzo wevana vanotarisira nezvemavhiki masere panguva yekuzvitakura vanoita rwechipiri kuongorora.

Ndeipi chinangwa chekudzidza uku uye chii chinobvumira kusimbisa?

Kuchengetedza kunobvumira kuti uone pakati pevakadzi vari pangozi yekuvandudza chromosomal kusina kuwanikwa mumwana wavo. Muchiitiko ichi, nzira yakadaro inogara iri yakaoma uye inosanganisira ultrasound, biochemical blood test. Icho chiri munguva yekutsvaga kwekupedzisira kuti zvimwe zviratidzo zvakasimbiswa, pakati pavo: alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) , estriol isina kusarudzwa, chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Munyaya iyi, kazhinji kubva kunechiremba unogona kunzwa zita rechipiri - kuedza katatu.

Kugadziriswa kwemajeri muropa remukadzi ane pamuviri wezvinhu zvakanyorwa pamusoro inoita kuti zvikwanisike kutaura nehupamhi hwepamusoro hwehuwandu hwekuwedzera kwehutano hwakadai se:

• Down's syndrome (zita rechipiri ndiro trisomy 21);
• Edwards 'syndrome (trisomy 18);
• zvikanganiso zve neural tube (spinal cord uye anencephaly pasina, hakuna uropi).

Ko kududzirwa kwemigumisiro kwakawanikwa sei?

Sezvo taura nehuwandu hwemavhiki umo kuongorora 2 kuri kuitwa, ticharondedzera kuti mhinduro yacho inotaridzirwa sei.

Kutanga, zvakakosha kutaura kuti chiremba chete anogona kuita izvi. Mushure mezvose, kushandura chiratidzo chaicho hakusi kukanganisa zvakananga, asi kunongoratidzira mukana wekuvandudzwa kwayo.

Semuenzaniso, kuwedzerwa kwehuwandu hweHCG muropa raamai vari mberi kucharatidza hutano hukuru hwekuvandudza chromosomal kusagadzikana mune ramangwana mwana, mukana we gestosis. Kupera kwemazinga ehomoni iyi, sekutonga, kunoratidza kukanganisa kwekusimudzirwa kwepascenta.

Kusiyana pakati pekutungidzirwa kweA AFP muropa serum yemai munguva yemberi kunoonekwa sechiratidzo chekuputsa kwenhamba yekromosomes, iyo genome yemangwana mwana. Zvirwere zvinogona kuitika munyaya iyi zvakanyorwa pamusoro apa. Izvo zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti kuwedzera kwakanyanya mumatambudziko e-alpha-fetoprotein kunogona kukonzera fetal kufa.

Iko kushanduka kwemajeri eesriol isina kushanda inoshanda sechiratidzo chekuvhiringidza basa re fetoplacental system. Izvi zvinobvumira pamatangiro ekutanga kwekuita gumbo kuti aone kutyora kwakadaro se fetal hypoxia uye kupindura nenzira yakakodzera panguva. Kana zvisina kudaro, mukana wekuvhiringidza kukura kwehutano hwehuropi hwakanaka.

Nokudaro, sezvinogona kuonekwa kubva munyaya yacho, kuongorora kunoreva kune zvidzidzo zvinogona kuratidza kunganganisa kwekuwedzera hutano. Nokudaro, nguva dzose mushure mekuongororwa kwemigumisiro uye kuvapo kwekufungidzira, kuwedzera kuongororwa kunorayirwa.